Перевод: с английского на все языки

со всех языков на английский

Со всех языков на:
Английский
С английского на:
Все языки
Итальянский
Немецкий
Русский
Французский

there seems ou appears to be

Толкование Перевод

1 there

there [ðεə^r]

1. adverb

a. (place) y before vb, là

• we shall soon be there nous serons bientôt arrivés

• put it there posez-le là

• in there là-dedans

• down or over there là-bas

• somewhere round there quelque part par là

• from there de là

• they went there and back in two hours ils ont fait l'aller et retour en deux heures

• to be there for sb (inf) ( = supportive) être là pour qn

► there is ( = there exists) → be

► to be there ( = exist) exister

• if the technology is there, someone will use it si la technologie existe, quelqu'un l'utilisera

b. (other uses) there he is! le voilà !

• there you are ( = I've found you) (ah) vous voilà ! ; (offering sth) voilà

• hurry up there! eh ! dépêchez-vous !

• there's my mother calling me il y a ma mère qui m'appelle

• I disagree with you there là je ne suis pas d'accord avec vous

• you've got me there! alors là, ça me dépasse ! (inf)

• there comes a time when... il vient un moment où...

• you press this switch and there you are! tu appuies sur ce bouton et ça y est !

• there you are, I told you that would happen tu vois, je t'avais bien dit que ça allait arriver

• there they go! les voilà qui partent !

• I had hoped to finish early, but there you go j'espérais finir tôt mais tant pis

• he's all there (inf) ( = not stupid) il n'est pas idiot

• he's not all there (inf) il est un peu demeuré (inf)

2. exclamation

• there, what did I tell you? alors, qu'est-ce que je t'avais dit ?

• there, there, don't cry! allons, allons, ne pleure pas !

• there now, that didn't hurt, did it? eh bien, ça n'a pas fait si mal que ça, si ?

* * *

Note: there is generally translated by là after prepositions: near there = près de là etc and when emphasizing the location of an object/a point etc visible to the speaker: put them there = mettez-les là

Remember that voilà is used to draw attention to a visible place/object/person: there's my watch = voilà ma montre, whereas il y a is used for generalizations: there's a village nearby = il y a un village tout près

there when unstressed with verbs such as aller and être is translated by y: we went there last year = nous y sommes allés l'année dernière, but not where emphasis is made: it was there that we went last year = c'est là que nous sommes allés l'année dernière

For examples of the above and further uses of there see the entry below
[ðeə(r)] 1.
pronoun ( as impersonal subject) il

there seems ou appears to be — il semble y avoir

there is/are — il y a

there are many reasons — il y a beaucoup de raisons

there is some left — il en reste

once upon a time there was — il était une fois

there'll be a singsong later — on va chanter plus tard

there's no denying that — personne ne peut nier que
2.
adverb

1) ( that place or point) là

up to there —

down to there — jusque là

put it in there — mettez-le là-dedans

in there please — ( ushering somebody) par là s'il vous plaît

2) ( at or to that place) là

stand there — mettez-vous là

go over there — va là-bas

since we were last there — depuis la dernière fois que nous y sommes allés

it's there that — gen c'est là que; ( when indicating) c'est là où

to go there and back in an hour — faire l'aller et retour en une heure

take the offer while it's there — fig profite de l'occasion pendant que c'est possible

3) ( to draw attention) (to person, activity etc) voilà; ( to place) là

what have you got there? — qu'est-ce que tu as là?

there goes the coach — voilà le car qui s'en va

there you go again — fig ça y est, c'est reparti

there you are — ( seeing somebody arrive) vous voilà; ( giving object) tenez, voilà; ( that's done) et voilà

there's a bus coming — voilà un bus

that paragraph there — ce paragraphe

my colleague there will show you — mon collègue va vous montrer

which one? this one or that one there? — lequel? celui-ci ou celui-là?

there's why! — ça explique tout!

4) ( indicating arrival) là

will she be there now? — est-ce qu'elle y est maintenant?

when do they get there? — quand est-ce qu'ils arrivent là-bas?

there I was at last — j'étais enfin là-bas

the train won't be there yet — le train ne sera pas encore là

we get off there — c'est là qu'on descend

5) ( indicating juncture) là

there we must finish — nous devons nous arrêter là

there was our chance — c'était notre chance

so there we were in the same cell — et comme ça on s'est retrouvé dans la même cellule

6) (colloq) ( emphatic)

hello there! — salut!

hey you there! — eh toi là-bas!
3.
there and then adverbial phrase directement
4.
there again adverbial phrase ( on the other hand) d'un autre côté
5.
exclamation

there there! — ( soothingly) allez! allez!

there! — ( triumphantly) voilà!

there, I told you! — voilà, je te l'avais bien dit!

there, you've woken the baby! — c'est malin, tu as réveillé le bébé!

English-French dictionary > there
2 there

there

❢ There is generally translated by là after prepositions: near there = près de là etc and when emphasizing the location of an object/point etc visible to the speaker: put them there = mettez-les là. Remember that voilà is used to draw attention to a visible place/object/person: there's my watch = voilà ma montre, whereas il y a is used for generalizations: there's a village nearby = il y a un village tout près. there when unstressed with verbs such as aller and être is translated by y: we went there last year = nous y sommes allés l'année dernière, but not where emphasis is made: it was there that we went last year = c'est là que nous sommes allés l'année dernière. For examples of the above and further uses of there see the entry below.

A pron ( as impersonal subject) il ; there seems ou appears to be il semble y avoir ; there is/are il y a ; there are many reasons il y a beaucoup de raisons ; there is some left il en reste ; once upon a time there was il était une fois ; there'll be a singsong later on va chanter plus tard ; there's no denying that personne ne peut nier que ; suddenly there appeared a fairy littér soudain est apparue une fée ; there arose cries from the audience littér des cris sont montés de la salle.

B adv

1 ( that place or point) là ; far from/near/two kilometres from there loin de/près de/à deux kilomètres de là ; up to there, down to there jusque là ; put it in there mettez-le là-dedans ; in there please ( ushering sb) par là s'il vous plaît ; we left there on Thursday nous sommes partis de là jeudi ;

2 ( at or to that place) là ; stop there arrêtez-vous là ; sign there please veuillez signer là s'il vous plaît ; stand there mettez-vous là ; go over there va là-bas ; are you still there? ( on phone) est-ce que tu es toujours là? ; since we were last there depuis la dernière fois que nous y sommes allés ; it's there that gen c'est là que ; ( when indicating) c'est là où ; to go there and back in an hour faire l'aller et retour en une heure ; take the offer while it's there fig profite de l'occasion pendant que c'est possible ;

3 ( to draw attention) (to person, activity etc) voilà ; ( to place) là ; what have you got there? qu'est-ce que tu as là? ; there they go les voilà qui s'en vont ; there goes the coach voilà le car qui s'en va ; there you go again fig ça y est c'est reparti ; there you are ( seeing sb arrive) vous voilà ; ( giving object) tenez, voilà ; ( that's done) et voilà ; there is a hammer/are some nails voilà un marteau/des clous ; there's a bus coming voilà un bus ; listen, there's my sister calling tiens, voilà ma sœur qui appelle ; that paragraph/sales assistant there ce paragraphe/vendeur ; my colleague there will show you mon collègue va vous montrer ; which one? this one or that one there? lequel? celui-ci ou celui-là? ; what does it say there? qu'est-ce qui est marqué là? ; there's why! ça explique tout! ;

4 ( indicating arrival) là ; will she be there now? est-ce qu'elle y est maintenant? ; when do they get there? quand est-ce qu'ils arrivent là-bas? ; there I was at last j'étais enfin là-bas ; the train won't be there yet le train ne sera pas encore là ; we get off there c'est là qu'on descend ;

5 ( indicating juncture) là ; there we must finish nous devons nous arrêter là ; I'd like to interrupt you there là je me permets de vous interrompre ; there was our chance c'était notre chance ; I think you're wrong there je crois que là tu te trompes ; so there we were in the same cell et comme ça on s'est retrouvés dans la même cellule ;

6 ○ ( emphatic) that there contraption ce truc-là ○ ; hello there! salut! ; hey you there! eh toi là-bas!

C there and then adv phr directement.

D there again adv phr ( on the other hand) d'un autre côté.

E excl there there! ( soothingly) allez! allez! ; there! ( triumphantly) voilà! ; there, I told you! voilà, je te l'avais bien dit! ; there, you've woken the baby! c'est malin, tu as réveillé le bébé! ; ⇒ so.

Big English-French dictionary > there
3 there

[ forma debole ðə(r)] [ forma forte ðeə(r)] 1.
pronome (as impersonal subject)

there is, are — c'è, ci sono

there are many reasons — ci sono molte ragioni

there is some left — ce n'è ancora un po'

once upon a time there was — c'era una volta

there'll be a singsong later — più tardi si canterà insieme

there's no denying that — non si può negare che

there seems o appears to be — sembra esserci o che ci sia
2.
avverbio

1) (in space) là, lì

up to there down to there fin là; put it in there mettilo là (dentro); in there please (ushering sb.) di là, prego; stand there mettiti là; go over there vai là, vai laggiù; it's there that è là che; (when indicating) è laggiù che; to go there and back in an hour andare e tornare in un'ora; take the offer while it's there fig. approfitta dell'occasione mentre è possibile; will she be there now? ci sarà adesso? there I was at last — finalmente ci arrivai o arrivai là

2) (to draw attention) (to person, activity etc.) ecco (là); (to place) là, lì

what have you got there? — cos'hai lì?

there goes the coach — ecco il pullman che se ne va

there you go again — fig. (ecco che) ci risiamo

there you are — (seeing sb. arrive) eccoti; (giving object) ecco a te; (that's done) ecco fatto

there's a bus coming — ecco (che arriva) l'autobus

my colleague there will show you — il mio collega le mostrerà

which one? this one or that one there? — quale? questo qui o quello là?

there's why! — ecco il perché! ora si spiega tutto!

3) (indicating juncture)

there we must finish — ci dobbiamo fermare lì

there was our chance — era la nostra occasione

I think you're wrong there — penso che ti stia sbagliando su quello

4) colloq. (emphatic)

hello there! — ciao!

hey you there! — ehi tu!

5) there and then lì per lì, subito, sul momento

6) there again (on the other hand) d'altra parte
3.
interiezione

there there! — (soothingly) su dai!

there! — (triumphantly) oh là!

there, I told you! — ecco, visto, te lo avevo detto!

there, you've woken the baby! — ecco, hai svegliato il bimbo!

* * *
[ forma debole ðə(r)] [ forma forte ðeə(r)] 1.
pronome (as impersonal subject)

there is, are — c'è, ci sono

there are many reasons — ci sono molte ragioni

there is some left — ce n'è ancora un po'

once upon a time there was — c'era una volta

there'll be a singsong later — più tardi si canterà insieme

there's no denying that — non si può negare che

there seems o appears to be — sembra esserci o che ci sia
2.
avverbio

1) (in space) là, lì

up to there down to there fin là; put it in there mettilo là (dentro); in there please (ushering sb.) di là, prego; stand there mettiti là; go over there vai là, vai laggiù; it's there that è là che; (when indicating) è laggiù che; to go there and back in an hour andare e tornare in un'ora; take the offer while it's there fig. approfitta dell'occasione mentre è possibile; will she be there now? ci sarà adesso? there I was at last — finalmente ci arrivai o arrivai là

2) (to draw attention) (to person, activity etc.) ecco (là); (to place) là, lì

what have you got there? — cos'hai lì?

there goes the coach — ecco il pullman che se ne va

there you go again — fig. (ecco che) ci risiamo

there you are — (seeing sb. arrive) eccoti; (giving object) ecco a te; (that's done) ecco fatto

there's a bus coming — ecco (che arriva) l'autobus

my colleague there will show you — il mio collega le mostrerà

which one? this one or that one there? — quale? questo qui o quello là?

there's why! — ecco il perché! ora si spiega tutto!

3) (indicating juncture)

there we must finish — ci dobbiamo fermare lì

there was our chance — era la nostra occasione

I think you're wrong there — penso che ti stia sbagliando su quello

4) colloq. (emphatic)

hello there! — ciao!

hey you there! — ehi tu!

5) there and then lì per lì, subito, sul momento

6) there again (on the other hand) d'altra parte
3.
interiezione

there there! — (soothingly) su dai!

there! — (triumphantly) oh là!

there, I told you! — ecco, visto, te lo avevo detto!

there, you've woken the baby! — ecco, hai svegliato il bimbo!

English-Italian dictionary > there
4 there

1. adverb
1) (in/at that place) da; dort; (fairly close) da

somebody has been there before — (fig. coll.) jemand weiß Bescheid

there or thereabouts — so ungefähr

be down/in/up there — da unten/drin/oben sein

there goes... — da geht/fährt usw....

are you there? — (on telephone) sind Sie noch da od. (ugs.) dran?

there and then — auf der Stelle

2) (calling attention)

hello or hi there! — hallo!

you there! — Sie da!

move along there! — weitergehen!

there's a good etc. boy/girl — das ist lieb [von dir, mein Junge/Mädchen]

3) (in that respect) da

so there — und damit basta (ugs.)

there you are wrong — da irrst du dich

there, it is a loose wire — da haben wir's - ein loser Draht

there it is — (nothing can be done about it) da kann man nichts machen

there you are — (giving something) [da,] bitte schön (see also 2. 2))

4) (to that place) dahin, dorthin [gehen, gelangen, fahren, rücken, stellen]

we got there and back in two hours — wir brauchten für Hin- und Rückweg [nur] zwei Stunden

down/in/up there — dort hinunter/hinein/hinauf

get there first — jemandem/den anderen zuvorkommen

get there — (fig.) (achieve) es [schon] schaffen; (understand) es verstehen

5) as introductory function-word da

was there anything in it? — war da irgendetwas drin? (ugs.)

there is enough food — es gibt genug zu essen

there are many kinds of... — es gibt viele Arten von...

there were four of them — sie waren zu viert

there was once an old woman who... — es war einmal eine alte Frau, die...

there was no beer left — es gab kein Bier mehr

there appears to be some error — da scheint ein Irrtum unterlaufen zu sein

there's no time for that now — dafür haben wir/habe ich jetzt keine Zeit

... if ever there was one —... wie er/sie/es im Buche steht

what is there for supper? — was gibt's zum Abendessen?
2. interjection
1) (to soothe child etc.)

there, there — na, na (ugs.)

2) (expr. triumph or dismay)

there [you are]! — da, siehst du! (see also 1. 3))

there, you've dropped it! — da, jetzt hast du es doch fallen lassen!
3. noun
da, dort

near there — da od. dort in der Nähe

* * *

there

[ðeəʳ, ðəʳ, AM ðer, ðɚ]

I. adv inv

1. (in, at that place) dort, da

where are my glasses? — right \there beside you! wo ist meine Brille? — gleich dort neben dir!

\there's that book you were looking for hier ist das Buch, das du gesucht hast

here and \there hier und da

\there and then [or then and \there] auf der Stelle, sofort

to be \there to do sth dazu da sein, etw zu tun

▶ to be \there for sb für jdn da sein

\there or thereabouts (at or near place) in der Gegend dort, dort irgendwo fam; (approximately) so ungefähr

forty years, \there or thereabouts, had elapsed so ungefähr vierzig Jahre waren vergangen

2. (at the place indicated) dort, da

I've left the boxes under \there ich habe die Schachteln dort unten hingestellt

if anyone wants out, \there's the door! wenn jemand gehen möchte, dort ist die Tür!

that girl \there has it das Mädchen dort hat es

in \there da drin[nen]

out \there da draußen

over \there da [o dort] drüben

up \there dort oben

3. (to a place) dahin, dorthin

put the chair \there stell den Stuhl dahin

the museum was closed today — we'll go \there tomorrow das Museum ist heute zu — wir gehen morgen hin

to get \there (arrive) hinkommen; ( fig: succeed) es schaffen; (understand) es verstehen

we'll never get \there in time wir kommen niemals rechtzeitig hin

try again, you'll get \there in the end versuch es nochmal, du schaffst es schon

you'll get \there if you think about it hard enough du verstehst es schon, wenn du lange genug darüber nachdenkst

\there and back hin und zurück

in \there dort hinein

4. (in speech or text) an dieser Stelle; (on that subject) in diesem Punkt

read out the rest of the letter, don't stop \there! lies' den Brief fertig, hör' nicht hier auf

I'd have to disagree with you \there in diesem Punkt [o da] muss ich Ihnen leider widersprechen

5. (to introduce sentences)

\there's Linda coming da kommt Linda

\there's a good boy/girl/dog braver Junge/braves Mädchen/braver Hund

tie your shoelaces, \there's a good girl binde dir die Schnürsenkel zu, sei ein liebes Mädchen

\there once was [or lived] ... ( liter) einst lebte..., es war einmal...

\there appears [or seems] to be... anscheinend gibt es...

\there appeared to be some difficulty in fixing a date for the meeting es scheint Schwierigkeiten zu geben, einen Termin für die Sitzung zu finden

\there comes a point where... ( form) es kommt der Punkt, an dem...

6. (to express existence)

▪ \there is es gibt

\there's someone on the phone for you [da ist jemand am] Telefon für dich

\there's no doubt as to who is the best candidate es besteht kein Zweifel, wer der beste Kandidat/die beste Kandidatin ist

\there are lives at stake es stehen Leben auf dem Spiel

is \there any food left? ist noch etwas zu essen da?

\there isn't any milk, is \there? — yes. \there is es gibt keine Milch, oder? — doch

\there being no other possibility,... da es keine andere Möglichkeit gab,...

I don't want \there to be any problems ich will nicht, dass es irgendwelche Probleme gibt

7. (said to attract attention)

hello \there! hallo!

\there goes the phone das ist das Telefon

8.

▶ to be all \there [up top] ( fam) geistig voll da sein fam

▶ to not be all \there ( fam: mentally lacking) nicht ganz da sein fam; (no longer mentally fit) nicht mehr ganz auf der Höhe sein fam

▶ \there you are [or go] ( fam: what you wanted) hier bitte; (expressing confirmation, triumph or resignation) aber bitte

\there you are — that'll be £3.80 please hier bitte — das macht 3,80 Pfund

you press the button and \there you are du drückst auf den Knopf, das ist alles

we didn't win the competition, but \there you go — we can always try again next year wir haben den Wettkampf zwar nicht gewonnen, aber bitte — wir können es nächstes Jahr noch einmal versuchen

\there you are! I knew you'd forget if you didn't write it down da haben wir's! ich wusste, dass du es vergessen würdest, wenn du es dir nicht aufschreibst

sometimes it is embarrassing, but \there you go manchmal ist es peinlich, aber so ist es nun mal

▶ to have been \there before ( fam) alles schon wissen fam

at the end of the day we are \there to make money schließlich sind wir dazu da, Geld zu verdienen

▶ been \there, done that ( fam) kalter Kaffee sl

best friends are [always] \there for each other in times of trouble gute Freunde sind in schweren Zeiten [immer] füreinander an

▶ \there you go again das übliche Spiel

\there she goes again — she never knows when to stop es ist immer dasselbe — sie weiß nie, wann es genug ist

▶ \there goes sth etw geht gerade den Bach runter fam

\there goes my career das war's wohl mit meiner Karriere! fam

▶ \there you have it na siehst du

simply turn the handle three times and \there you have it drehe einfach dreimal den Griff und schon geht's

▶ to be neither here nor \there keine Rolle spielen

▶ \there it is was soll's

pretty ridiculous, I know, but \there it is ziemlich lächerlich, ich weiß, aber was soll's

▶ to not be \there yet noch nicht bereit sein

II. interj

1. (expressing sympathy) da!, schau!

\there, \there! [or \there now!] ganz ruhig!, schon gut!

\there, \there, don't cry, it won't hurt for long schon gut, weine nicht, es wird nicht lang weh tun

2. (expressing satisfaction) na bitte!, siehst du!

\there, I've made it work at last na also, ich hab's wieder repariert

\there, I told you she wouldn't mind! siehst du, ich habe dir gesagt, dass es ihr nichts ausmacht

3. (annoyance) also bitte

\there, now you've broken it! da, jetzt hast du es kaputt gemacht! fam

4. ( fam)

so \there! und damit basta!

you can't share, so \there! du kannst nicht teilen, und damit basta!

* * *
[ðɛə(r)]
1. adv

1) dort, da; (with movement) dorthin, dahin

look, there's Joe/there's Joe coming — guck mal, da ist/kommt Joe

it's under/over/in there — es liegt dort or da drunter/drüben/drin

put it under/over/in/on there — stellen Sie es dort or da drunter/rüber or hinüber/rein or hinein/drauf or hinauf

let's stop there — hören wir doch da auf; (travelling) halten wir doch da or dort an

there and back — hin und zurück

so there we were — da waren wir nun also

is Gordon there please? (on telephone) — ist Gordon da?

2) (fig: on this point) da

there you are wrong — da irren Sie sich

you've got me there —

I've got you there — da or jetzt habe ich Sie

3)

(in phrases) there is/are — es or da ist/sind

there were three of us — wir waren zu dritt

there is a mouse in the room — es ist eine Maus im Zimmer

there was once a castle here — hier war or stand einmal eine Burg

there is a chair in the corner — in der Ecke steht ein Stuhl

there is dancing afterwards — danach ist Tanz, danach wird getanzt

is there any beer? — ist Bier da?

there's a book I want to read — da ist ein Buch, das ich lesen möchte

afterwards there was coffee — anschließend gab es Kaffee

is there any wine left? – well, there was — ist noch Wein da? – gerade war noch welcher da

there isn't any food/time/point, is there? – yes there is — es gibt wohl nichts zu essen/dazu haben wir wohl keine Zeit/das hat wohl keinen Sinn, oder? – doch!

there seems to be no-one at home —

there appears to be a flaw in your argument — da scheint ein Fehler in Ihrer Beweisführung zu sein

how many mistakes were there? — wie viele Fehler waren es?

there is a page missing — es or da fehlt eine Seite

there comes a time when... — es kommt eine Zeit, wo...

there being no alternative solution —

there will be an opportunity for shopping God said: let there be light, and there was light — es wird Gelegenheit zum Einkaufen geben und Gott sprach: es werde Licht! und es ward Licht

hi there! — hallo!

there you go again (inf) — jetzt gehts schon wieder los

now there's a real woman — das ist eine richtige Frau

there's gratitude for you! (iro) — da haben Sie Ihren Dank!

now there's a good idea! — (das ist) eine gute Idee!

so there! — ätsch!

there you are (giving sb sth) — hier(, bitte)!; (on finding sb) da sind Sie ja!

there you or we are, you see, I knew he'd say that — na, sehen Sie, ich habe es ja gewusst, dass er das sagen würde

wait, I'll help you... there you are! — warten Sie, ich helfe Ihnen,... so(, das wärs)!

you press the switch and there you are! — Sie brauchen nur den Schalter zu drücken, das ist alles

I can't dance, but there again, I never could — ich kann nicht tanzen, aber das habe ich eigentlich noch nie gekonnt

2. interj

there! there! — na, na!

stop crying now, there's a good boy —

drop it, there's a good dog — lass das fallen, komm, sei brav

now there's a good boy, don't tease your sister — komm, sei ein braver Junge und ärgere deine Schwester nicht

hey, you there! (inf) — he, Sie da!

hurry up there (inf) — Beeilung!, Tempo, Tempo!

make way there — Platz da!, machen Sie mal Platz!

there, take this to your mother —

but there, what's the good of talking about it? — was solls, es hat doch keinen Zweck, darüber zu reden

there! I knew it would break! — da! ich habs ja gewusst, dass es kaputtgehen würde!

* * *

there [ðeə(r)]

A adv

1. da, dort:

down (up, over, in) there da oder dort unten (oben, drüben, drinnen);

the authorities there die dortigen Behörden;

are you still there? TEL hören Sie?;

I have been there before umg das weiß ich alles schon, ich weiß (genau) Bescheid;

there and then

a) hier und jetzt,

b) auf der Stelle, sofort;

there it is

a) da ist es,

b) fig so steht es, so stehen die Dinge;

there you are

a) (da,) bitte schön,

b) siehst du, da hast du’s;

there you go umg da kann man nichts machen;

you there! (Anruf) du da!, he!; → academic.ru/1723/all">all Bes Redew

2. (da-, dort)hin:

down (up, over, in) there (da oder dort) hinunter (hinauf, hinüber, hinein);

there and back hin und zurück;

get there

a) hingelangen, -kommen,

b) fig umg es schaffen;

go there hingehen

3. darin, in dieser Sache oder Hinsicht:

there I agree with you darin stimme ich mit dir überein

4. fig da, hier, an dieser Stelle (in einer Rede etc)

5. es:

there is, pl there are es gibt oder ist oder sind:

there is a God;

there was once a king es war einmal ein König;

there was dancing es wurde getanzt;

there is sth between these two die beiden haben etwas miteinander;

there is sth in that da ist etwas dran;

there arises the question es erhebt sich die Frage;

there are friends and there are friends unter den Freunden gibt es solche und solche;

there was considerable confusion es herrschte beträchtliche Verwirrung;

I thought there would be tears ich dachte, es würde Tränen geben;

there’s a good boy sei schön brav!

B int

1. da!, schau (her)!, na!:

there, there! (tröstend) na, komm!;

there now! na, bitte!

2. (wenn etwas beendet ist) so!

* * *
1. adverb
1) (in/at that place) da; dort; (fairly close) da

somebody has been there before — (fig. coll.) jemand weiß Bescheid

there or thereabouts — so ungefähr

be down/in/up there — da unten/drin/oben sein

there goes... — da geht/fährt usw....

are you there? — (on telephone) sind Sie noch da od. (ugs.) dran?

there and then — auf der Stelle

2) (calling attention)

hello or hi there! — hallo!

you there! — Sie da!

move along there! — weitergehen!

there's a good etc. boy/girl — das ist lieb [von dir, mein Junge/Mädchen]

3) (in that respect) da

so there — und damit basta (ugs.)

there you are wrong — da irrst du dich

there, it is a loose wire — da haben wir's - ein loser Draht

there it is — (nothing can be done about it) da kann man nichts machen

there you are — (giving something) [da,] bitte schön (see also 2. 2))

4) (to that place) dahin, dorthin [gehen, gelangen, fahren, rücken, stellen]

we got there and back in two hours — wir brauchten für Hin- und Rückweg [nur] zwei Stunden

down/in/up there — dort hinunter/hinein/hinauf

get there first — jemandem/den anderen zuvorkommen

get there — (fig.) (achieve) es [schon] schaffen; (understand) es verstehen

5) as introductory function-word da

was there anything in it? — war da irgendetwas drin? (ugs.)

there is enough food — es gibt genug zu essen

there are many kinds of... — es gibt viele Arten von...

there were four of them — sie waren zu viert

there was once an old woman who... — es war einmal eine alte Frau, die...

there was no beer left — es gab kein Bier mehr

there appears to be some error — da scheint ein Irrtum unterlaufen zu sein

there's no time for that now — dafür haben wir/habe ich jetzt keine Zeit

... if ever there was one —... wie er/sie/es im Buche steht

what is there for supper? — was gibt's zum Abendessen?
2. interjection
1) (to soothe child etc.)

there, there — na, na (ugs.)

2) (expr. triumph or dismay)

there [you are]! — da, siehst du! (see also 1. 3))

there, you've dropped it! — da, jetzt hast du es doch fallen lassen!
3. noun
da, dort

near there — da od. dort in der Nähe

* * *

adv.

da adv.

dort adv.

dorthin adv.

English-german dictionary > there
5 there

[ðeəʳ, ðəʳ, Am ðer, ðɚ] adv

inv

1) (in, at that place) dort;

where are my glasses? - right \there beside you! wo ist meine Brille? - gleich dort neben dir!;

\there's that book you were looking for hier ist das Buch, das du gesucht hast;

the opportunity is right \there in front of you die Möglichkeit liegt unmittelbar vor dir;

\there or thereabouts ( at or near place) in der Gegend dort, dort irgendwo ( fam) ( approximately) so ungefähr;

forty years, \there or thereabouts, had elapsed so ungefähr vierzig Jahre waren vergangen;

here and \there hier und da;

\there and then [or then and \there] ( immediately) auf der Stelle, sofort

2) ( at the place indicated) dort;

I've left the boxes under \there ich habe die Schachteln dort unten hingestellt;

if anyone wants out, \there's the door! wenn jemand gehen möchte, dort ist die Tür!;

in \there da drin[nen];

out \there da draußen;

over \there da [o dort] drüben;

up \there dort oben

3) ( to a place) dahin, dorthin;

put the chair \there stell den Stuhl dahin;

the museum was closed today - we'll go \there tomorrow das Museum ist heute zu - wir gehen morgen hin;

to get \there ( arrive) hinkommen;

we'll never get \there in time wir kommen sicher nicht pünktlich;

(fig: succeed) es schaffen;

try again, you'll get \there in the end versuch es nochmal, du schaffst es schon;

( understand) es verstehen;

you'll get \there if you think about it hard enough du verstehst es schon, wenn du lange genug darüber nachdenkst;

\there and back hin und zurück;

it was 20 miles \there and back hin und zurück waren es 20 Meilen;

in \there dort hinein;

I'm not going in \there - it's freezing ich gehe dort hinein - es ist bitterkalt

4) ( in speech or text) an dieser Stelle;

read out the rest of the letter, don't stop \there! lies' den Brief fertig, hör' nicht hier auf;

( on that subject) in diesem Punkt;

I'd have to disagree with you \there in dieser Hinsicht [o da] muss ich Ihnen leider widersprechen;

I don't agree with you \there in diesem Punkt stimme ich Ihnen nicht zu

5) ( used to introduce sentences)

\there's someone on the phone for you Telefon für dich;

\there's no doubt as to who is the best candidate es besteht kein Zweifel, wer der beste Kandidat/die beste Kandidatin ist;

\there are lives at stake es stehen Leben auf dem Spiel;

\there's a good boy/ girl/ dog ( used to show approval or encouragement) braver Junge/braves Mädchen/braver Hund;

\there once was/lived... (liter: in fairytales) einst lebte..., es war einmal...;

\there appears [or seems] to be... es scheint...;

\there appeared/ seemed to be some difficulty in fixing a date for the meeting es scheint Schwierigkeiten zu geben, einen Termin für die Sitzung zu finden;

\there comes a point where... ( form) es kommt der Punkt, an dem...

6) ( said to attract attention)

hello \there! hallo!;

\there goes the phone das ist das Telefon

PHRASES:

\there you go again[, doing sth] ( used to criticize sb for behaving in a way typical of them) das übliche Spiel;

\there she goes again - she never knows when to stop das übliche Spiel - sie weiß nie, wann es genug ist;

to have been \there before ( fam) alles schon wissen ( fam)

to be neither here nor \there keine Rolle spielen;

\there you are [or go] (fam: what you wanted) hier bitte;

\there you are - that'll be £3.80 please hier bitte - das macht £3.80;

(expressing confirmation, triumph or resignation) aber bitte;

we didn't win the competition, but \there you go - we can always try again next year wir haben den Wettkampf zwar nicht gewonnen, aber bitte - wir können es nächstes Jahr nochmals versuchen;

\there you are! I told you the problem was a political one ich wusste es! ich sagte dir, das wäre ein politisches Problem;

sometimes it is embarrassing, but \there you go manchmal ist es peinlich, aber so ist es nun mal;

to not be \there yet noch nicht bereit sein;

to be \there to do sth dazu da sein, etw zu tun;

at the end of the day we are \there to make money schließlich sind wir dazu da, Geld zu verdienen;

to be \there for sb für jdn da sein;

best friends are [always] \there for each other in times of trouble gute Freunde sind in schweren Zeiten [immer] füreinander an;

been \there, done that ( fam) kalter Kaffee ( fam)

\there goes sth etw ist im Begriff, den Bach runter zu gehen ( fam)

\there goes my career das war's wohl mit meiner Karriere! ( fam)

\there you have it na siehst du;

simply turn the handle three times and \there you have it drehe einfach dreimal den Griff und schon geht's;

\there it is was soll's;

pretty ridiculous, I know, but \there it is ziemlich lächerlich, ich weiß, aber was soll's;

to be all \there [up top] ( fam) geistig voll da sein ( fam)

to not be all \there (fam: mentally lacking) nicht ganz da sein ( fam) ( no longer mentally fit) nicht mehr ganz auf der Höhe sein interj

1) ( expressing sympathy) da!, schau!;

\there, \there! [or \there now!] ganz ruhig!, schon gut!;

\there, \there [or \there now] , don't cry, it won't hurt for long schon gut, weine nicht, es wird nicht lang wehtun

2) ( expressing satisfaction) na bitte!, siehst du!;

\there, I've made it work at last na also, ich hab's wieder repariert;

\there, I told you she wouldn't mind! siehst du, ich habe dir gesagt, dass es ihr nichts ausmacht

3) ( annoyance) also bitte;

\there, now you've broken it! da, jetzt hast du es kaputtgemacht! ( fam)

4) ( fam);

so \there! und damit basta!;

you can't share, so \there! du kannst nicht teilen, und damit basta!

English-German students dictionary > there
6 appear, seem, prove, happen, turn out with complex subject

Глаголы appear, seem, prove, happen, turn out в конструкции со сложным подлежащим

↑ Complex subject

1) Глаголы appear - выглядеть, seem - казаться, prove - оказываться, happen - случаться, turn out - оказываться употребляются в конструкции со сложным подлежащим (см. Complex subject). Первая часть сложного подлежащего представляет собой существительное или местоимение в общем падеже, а вторая — инфинитив с частицей to (To-infinitive).

He seems to know French well (= It seems that he knows French well) — Кажется, он хорошо знает французский.

They all turned out to be good fighters (=It turned out that they all were good fighters) — Все они оказались хорошими бойцами.

The weather appears to be improving (=It appears that the weather is improving) — Погода, по-видимому, улучшается.

He seems to have created the perfect mix of dark, gloomy lyrics and light, fluffy music (=It seems that he created...) — Кажется, он создал превосходную смесь из темных, мрачных стихов и светлой, воздушной музыки.

She seemed to have forgotten her promise (= It seemed that she had forgotten her promise) — Казалось, она забыла свое обещание.

He proved to be a good friend — Он оказался хорошим другом.

I happened to be there at that time (=It happened that I was there at that time) — Случилось так, что я был там в это время.

2) После глаголов appear, seem можно поставить косвенное дополнение с предлогом to.

The car seemed to me to be too noisy — Мне казалось, что машина шумит слишком сильно.

She appeared to them to have forgotten her promise — Им казалось, что она забыла свое обещание.

3)

а) После глаголов prove, turn out глагол-связка be часто опускается, когда за ними следует прилагательное или существительное с прилагательным.

He proved (to be) smart — Он оказался умным.

He proved (to be) a good engineer — Он оказался хорошим инженером.

The test turned out (to be) negative — Тест показал отрицательный результат.

б) Если после глаголов prove, turn out следует существительное без прилагательного, то глагол be не может быть опущен.

He proved to be a biologist — Он оказался биологом.

4) После глаголов seem и appear может идти существительное, прилагательное или существительное с прилагательным без глагола-связки be. В этом случае глаголы seem и appear обычно переводятся на русский язык с помощью глагола выглядеть или сочетания производить впечатление.

She seems tired — Она выглядит усталой.

He seemed a fool — Он производил впечатление дурака.

He appeared a happy man — Он производил впечатление счастливого человека.

5) Глаголы appear, seem, prove, happen могут употребляться в предложениях со словами it и there в функции формального подлежащего (см. Empty subject: "it" and "there")

There seems to be only one chance of tracing him — Как кажется, есть только один способ выследить его.

•

— Слова it и there в функции формального подлежащего см. Empty subject: "it" and "there"

English-Russian grammar dictionary > appear, seem, prove, happen, turn out with complex subject
7 it

it [ɪt]

il/elle ⇒ 1 (a) le/la ⇒ 1 (a) lui ⇒ 1 (a) en ⇒ 1 (b) il ⇒ 1 (c) ce ⇒ 1 (e)

1 pronoun

(a) (referring to specific thing, animal etc → as subject) il (elle); (→ as direct object) le (la); (→ as indirect object) lui;

∎ is it a boy or a girl? c'est un garçon ou une fille?;

∎ the building's dangerous, it should be pulled down le bâtiment est dangereux, il devrait être démoli;

∎ I'd lend you my typewriter but it's broken je te prêterais bien ma machine à écrire mais elle est cassée;

∎ I took my hat off and now I can't find it j'ai enlevé mon chapeau et je ne le trouve plus;

∎ take this plate and put it on the table prends cette assiette et mets-la sur la table;

∎ give it a tap with a hammer donnez un coup de marteau dessus;

∎ fetch the dog and give it something to eat va chercher le chien et donne-lui à manger

(b) (after preposition)

∎ he told me all about it il m'a tout raconté;

∎ as we walked away from it tandis que nous nous en éloignions;

∎ he's not bad, far from it il n'est pas méchant, loin de là;

∎ give me half of it donnez-m'en la moitié;

∎ there was nothing inside it il n'y avait rien dedans ou à l'intérieur;

∎ don't tread on it ne marchez pas dessus;

∎ I went over to it je m'en suis approché;

∎ did he consent to it? est-ce qu'il y a consenti?;

∎ I left the bag under it j'ai laissé le sac dessous;

∎ I cracked his head with it je lui ai fendu la tête avec

(c) (as unspecified subject)

∎ it's me! c'est moi!;

∎ it's raining/snowing il pleut/neige;

∎ it's cold/dark today il fait froid/sombre aujourd'hui;

∎ it's Friday today nous sommes ou c'est vendredi aujourd'hui;

∎ it seemed like a good idea cela ou ça semblait être une bonne idée;

∎ it's 500 miles from here to Vancouver Vancouver est à 800 km d'ici;

∎ it's not easy for me to say this, but... je n'aime pas dire ce genre de chose, mais...;

∎ it'll take us hours to get there on va mettre des heures pour y arriver;

∎ it'll cost (us) a fortune to have it repaired ça va (nous) coûter une fortune pour le faire réparer;

∎ it was agreed that we should move out il a été convenu que nous déménagerions;

∎ it's impossible to work in this heat c'est impossible de travailler par cette chaleur;

∎ it's vital to plan ahead il est indispensable de prévoir les choses à l'avance;

∎ it might look rude if I don't go si je n'y vais pas, cela pourrait être considéré comme une impolitesse;

∎ it seems or appears or would appear that there's been some trouble il semble qu'il y ait eu des problèmes;

∎ it says on the box/in the instructions that… c'est écrit sur la boîte/dans les instructions que…;

∎ it's the Johnny Carson Show! voici le Johnny Carson Show!;

∎ it's a goal! but!;

∎ familiar it was pouring down il pleuvait des cordes;

∎ it's his constant complaining I can't stand ce que je ne supporte pas, c'est sa façon de se plaindre constamment

(d) (as unspecified object)

∎ I like it here je me plais beaucoup ici;

∎ I love it when we go on a picnic j'adore quand on va pique-niquer;

∎ I couldn't bear it if she left je ne supporterais pas qu'elle parte;

∎ she found it easy to make new friends ça lui a été facile de se faire de nouveaux amis;

∎ familiar blast it! zut!

(e) (as complement)

∎ who is it? qui est-ce?

2 noun familiar

(a) (in games)

∎ you're it! c'est toi le chat!, c'est toi qui y es!

(b) (most important person)

∎ he thinks he's it il s'y croit

(c) familiar (Italian vermouth)

∎ gin and it gin-vermouth^□ m

►► British familiar it girl jeune mondaine^□ f

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > it
8 Consciousness

   1) Consciousness and the New Mysterians

   Consciousness is what makes the mind-body problem really intractable.

... Without consciousness the mind-body problem would be much less interesting. With consciousness it seems hopeless. (T. Nagel, 1979, pp. 165-166)

   2) Consciousness and Sensory Qualia

   This approach to understanding sensory qualia is both theoretically and empirically motivated... [;] it suggests an effective means of expressing the allegedly inexpressible. The "ineffable" pink of one's current visual sensation may be richly and precisely expressed as a 95Hz/80Hz/80Hz "chord" in the relevant triune cortical system. The "unconveyable" taste sensation produced by the fabled Australian health tonic Vegamite might be poignantly conveyed as a 85/80/90/15 "chord" in one's four channeled gustatory system.... And the "indescribably" olfactory sensation produced by a newly opened rose might be quite accurately described as a 95/35/10/80/60/55 "chord" in some six-dimensional space within one's olfactory bulb. (P. M. Churchland, 1989, p. 106)

   3) Consciousness Appears to Be the Last Bastion of Occult Properties

   One of philosophy's favorite facets of mentality has received scant attention from cognitive psychologists, and that is consciousness itself: fullblown, introspective, inner-world phenomenological consciousness. In fact if one looks in the obvious places... one finds not so much a lack of interest as a deliberate and adroit avoidance of the issue. I think I know why. Consciousness appears to be the last bastion of occult properties, epiphenomena, and immeasurable subjective states-in short, the one area of mind best left to the philosophers, who are welcome to it. Let them make fools of themselves trying to corral the quicksilver of "phenomenology" into a respectable theory. (Dennett, 1978b, p. 149)

   4) Consciousness Can Be Resolved into Its Elementary Sensations

   When I am thinking about anything, my consciousness consists of a number of ideas.... But every idea can be resolved into elements... and these elements are sensations. (Titchener, 1910, p. 33)

   5) Consciousness Is an Aspect of the Darwinian Machine

   A Darwin machine now provides a framework for thinking about thought, indeed one that may be a reasonable first approximation to the actual brain machinery underlying thought. An intracerebral Darwin Machine need not try out one sequence at a time against memory; it may be able to try out dozens, if not hundreds, simultaneously, shape up new generations in milliseconds, and thus initiate insightful actions without overt trial and error. This massively parallel selection among stochastic sequences is more analogous to the ways of darwinian biology than to the "von Neumann" serial computer. Which is why I call it a Darwin Machine instead; it shapes up thoughts in milliseconds rather than millennia, and uses innocuous remembered environments rather than noxious real-life ones. It may well create the uniquely human aspect of our consciousness. (Calvin, 1990, pp. 261-262)

   6) Problems about Consciousness Arise from Use of the Personal Pronoun "I"

   To suppose the mind to exist in two different states, in the same moment, is a manifest absurdity. To the whole series of states of the mind, then, whatever the individual, momentary successive states may be, I give the name of our consciousness.... There are not sensations, thoughts, passions, and also consciousness, any more than there is quadruped or animal, as a separate being to be added to the wolves, tygers, elephants, and other living creatures.... The fallacy of conceiving consciousness to be something different from the feeling, which is said to be its object, has arisen, in a great measure, from the use of the personal pronoun I. (T. Brown, 1970, p. 336)

   7) The Capacity for Consciousness and Self- Consciousness Is Characteristically Human

   The human capacity for speech is certainly unique. But the gulf between it and the behavior of animals no longer seems unbridgeable.... What does this leave us with, then, which is characteristically human?.... t resides in the human capacity for consciousness and self-consciousness. (Rose, 1976, p. 177)

   8) The Origin of the Problems of Consciousness

   [Human consciousness] depends wholly on our seeing the outside world in such categories. And the problems of consciousness arise from putting reconstitution beside internalization, from our also being able to see ourselves as if we were objects in the outside world. That is in the very nature of language; it is impossible to have a symbolic system without it.... The Cartesian dualism between mind and body arises directly from this, and so do all the famous paradoxes, both in mathematics and in linguistics.... (Bronowski, 1978, pp. 38-39)

   9) Views on Consciousness and Computation

   It seems to me that there are at least four different viewpoints-or extremes of viewpoint-that one may reasonably hold on the matter [of computation and conscious thinking]:

   A. All thinking is computation; in particular, feelings of conscious awareness are evoked merely by the carrying out of appropriate computations.

   B. Awareness is a feature of the brain's physical action; and whereas any physical action can be simulated computationally, computational simulation cannot by itself evoke awareness.

   C. Appropriate physical action of the brain evokes awareness, but this physical action cannot even be properly simulated computationally.

   D. Awareness cannot be explained by physical, computational, or any other scientific terms. (Penrose, 1994, p. 12)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Consciousness
9 about

about [əˈbaʊt]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When about is an element in a phrasal verb, eg bring about, come about, look up the verb.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. adverb

   a. ( = approximately) à peu près, environ

• there were about 25 and now there are about 30 il y en avait environ or à peu près 25 et maintenant il y en a une trentaine

• it's about 11 o'clock il est environ or à peu près 11 heures

• at about 11 o'clock vers 11 heures

• it's about time! ce n'est pas trop tôt !

• it's about time to go il est presque temps de partir

• she's about as old as you elle a à peu près votre âge

• that's about it c'est à peu près tout

• I've had about enough! (inf) je commence à en avoir assez !

   b. ( = here and there) çà et là

• shoes lying about des chaussures qui traînent

   c. ( = near, in circulation) par ici

• he's somewhere about il est dans les parages

• is anyone about? il y a quelqu'un ?

• there was nobody about il n'y avait personne

• there's a lot of flu about il y a beaucoup de cas de grippe en ce moment

• she's up and about again elle est de nouveau sur pied

• you should be out and about! ne restez donc pas enfermé !

   d. ( = round) all about tout autour

• to glance about jeter un coup d'œil autour de soi

   e. ( = opposite direction) to turn sth the other way about retourner qch

• it's the other way about ( = the opposite) c'est le contraire

   f. ► to be about to do sth être sur le point de faire qch aller faire qch

• I was about to go out when... j'étais sur le point de sortir or j'allais sortir quand...

• the film is just about to start le film va commencer

2. preposition

   a. ( = concerning) I heard nothing about it je n'en ai pas entendu parler

• what is it about? de quoi s'agit-il ?

• I know what it's all about je sais de quoi il retourne

• to speak about sth parler de qch

• a film about India un film sur l'Inde

• well, what about it? (inf) ( = does it matter?) et alors ? (inf) ; ( = what do you think?) alors, qu'est-ce que tu en penses ?

• what about me? et moi alors ? (inf)

• how about going to the cinema? (inf) et si on allait au cinéma ?

• how about a coffee? (inf) et si on prenait un café ?

   b. ( = somewhere in) quelque part dans

• I dropped it about here je l'ai laissé tomber par ici

• somewhere about the house quelque part dans la maison

   c. ( = round) autour de

• the countryside about Edinburgh la campagne autour d'Édimbourg

   d. ( = with, on) I've got it about me somewhere je l'ai quelque part sur moi

• to have drugs about one's person avoir de la drogue sur soi

   e. (describing characteristics) there's something sinister about him il a quelque chose de sinistre

• there's something interesting about him il a un côté intéressant

• there's something odd about all this il y a quelque chose de bizarre là-dedans

   f. ( = occupied with) while we're about it pendant que nous y sommes

* * *

Note: about is used after certain nouns, adjectives and verbs in English ( information about, a book about, curious about, worry about etc). For translations, consult the appropriate entries (information, book, curious, worry etc)

about often appears in British English as the second element of certain verb structures ( move about, jump about, lie about etc). For translations, consult the relevant verb entries (move, jump, lie etc)
[ə'baʊt] 1.
adjective

1) ( expressing future intention)

to be about to do — être sur le point de faire

2) ( awake)

up and about — debout
2.
adverb

1) ( approximately) environ, à peu près

it's about the same as yesterday — c'est à peu près pareil qu'hier

at about 6 pm — vers 18 h, à environ 18 h

2) ( almost) presque

that seems about right — ça a l'air d'aller

I've had just about enough of her! — j'en ai plus qu'assez d'elle!

3) ( in circulation)

there was no-one about — il n'y avait personne

there is a lot of flu about — il y a beaucoup de grippes en ce moment

4) ( in the vicinity)

to be somewhere about — être dans les parages
3.
preposition

1) ( concerning)

a book about — un livre sur

what's it about? — (of book, film etc) ça parle de quoi?

it's about... — il s'agit de...

it's about my son — c'est au sujet de mon fils

about your overdraft... — pour ce qui est de votre découvert...

2) ( in the nature of)

there's something weird about him — il a quelque chose de bizarre

what I like about her is — ce que j'aime chez elle c'est

3) ( bound up with)

business is about profit — ce qui compte dans les affaires, ce sont les bénéfices

4) ( occupied with)

to know what one is about — savoir ce qu'on fait

while you're about it... — tant que tu y es..., par la même occasion...

and be quick about it! — et fais vite!

5) ( around)

to wander about the streets — errer dans les rues

strewn about the floor — éparpillés sur le sol

6) (in invitations, suggestions)

how ou what about some tea? — et si on prenait un thé?

how about it? — ça te dit?

7) ( when soliciting opinions)

what about the legal costs? — et les frais de justice?

what about you? — et toi?

8) sout (on)

hidden about one's person — [drugs, arms] caché sur soi

••

it's about time (that) — il serait temps que (+ subj)

about time too! — ce n'est pas trop tôt! (colloq)

that's about it — ( that's all) c'est tout

English-French dictionary > about
10 about

about

❢ About is used after certain nouns, adjectives and verbs in English ( information about, a book about, curious about, worry about etc). For translations, consult the appropriate entries (information, book, curious, worry etc). about often appears in British English as the second element of certain verb structures ( move about, rummage about, lie about etc). For translations, consult the relevant verb entries (move, rummage, lie etc).

A adj

1 ( expressing future intention) to be about to do être sur le point de faire ;

2 ( rejecting course of action) I'm not about to do je ne suis pas près de faire ;

3 ( awake) debout ; you were (up and) about early this morning tu étais debout tôt ce matin.

B adv

1 ( approximately) environ, à peu près ; it's about the same as yesterday c'est à peu près pareil qu'hier ; at about 6 pm à environ 18 h ; it's about as useful as an umbrella in a hurricane iron c'est aussi utile qu'un parapluie dans un ouragan ; ⇒ round ;

2 ( almost) presque ; to be (just) about ready être presque prêt ; that seems about right ça a l'air d'aller, ça devrait aller ; I've had just about enough of her! j'en ai plus qu'assez d'elle! ; I've had about as much as I can take! j'en ai plus qu'assez! ; ⇒ just ;

3 ( in circulation) there was no-one about il n'y avait personne ; there are few people about il y a peu de gens dans les parages ; there is a lot of food poisoning about il y a beaucoup d'intoxications alimentaires en ce moment, les intoxications alimentaires ne manquent pas en ce moment ; there's a lot of it about ça ne manque pas ;

4 ( in the vicinity) to be somewhere about être dans les parages ; she must be somewhere about elle doit être dans les parages, elle doit être quelque part par là ;

5 ( indicating reverse position) the other way about l'inverse, le contraire ; ⇒ put about (put), turn about (turn).

C prep

1 (concerning, regarding) a book/film about sb/sth un livre/film sur qn/qch ; to talk about parler de [problem, subject] ; what's it about? (of book, film etc) ça parle de quoi? ; it's about… il s'agit de… ; may I ask what it's about? pourriez-vous me dire de quoi il s'agit? ; I'm ringing about my results j'appelle pour mes résultats ; it's about my son's report c'est au sujet du bulletin scolaire de mon fils ; about your overdraft… pour ce qui est de votre découvert… ;

2 ( in the nature of) there's something weird/sad about him il a quelque chose de bizarre/triste ; there's something about the place that intrigues me l'endroit a quelque chose qui me fascine ; what I like about her is ce que j'aime chez elle c'est ;

3 ( bound up with) business is about profit ce qui compte dans les affaires, ce sont les bénéfices ; teaching is all about communication enseigner, c'est communiquer ; that's what life is all about c'est la vie ;

4 ( occupied with) to know what one is about savoir ce qu'on fait ; mind what you're about! GB fais attention or fais gaffe ○ à ce que tu fais! ; while you're about it… tant que tu y es…, par la même occasion… ; and be quick about it! et fais vite! ;

5 ( around) to wander/run about the streets errer/courir dans les rues ; strewn about the floor éparpillés sur le sol ;

6 (in invitations, suggestions) how ou what about some tea? et si on prenait un thé? ; how about going into town? et si on allait en ville? ; how about it?, how about you? ça te or vous dit? ;

7 ( when soliciting opinions) what about the transport GB ou transportation US costs? et les frais de transport? ; what about us? et nous alors? ; ‘what about the dinner?’-‘what about it?’ ‘et le repas alors?’-‘quoi, le repas?’ ; what about you? et toi? ; what about Natasha? et Natasha? ; how about it? qu'est-ce que tu en penses? ;

8 sout (on) hidden about one's person [drugs, arms] caché sur soi ; ⇒ wit ;

9 GB ( surrounding) autour de ; there were trees about the house il y avait des arbres autour de la maison.

Idioms

it's about time (that) il serait temps que (+ subj) ; about time too! il était temps!, ce n'est pas trop tôt ○ ! ; that's about it ( that's all) c'est tout ; ( that's the situation) en gros, oui, c'est à peu près ça.

Big English-French dictionary > about
11 strike

̈ɪstraɪk I
1. гл.
1) ударять(ся), наносить удар, бить (физически: рукой, оружием, инструментом и т.п.) He struck me on the chin. ≈ Он ударил меня в подбородок. He struck the wall with a heavy blow. ≈ Он сильно ударил по стене. to strike him a blow ≈ нанести ему удар He struck his knee with his hand. ≈ Он ударил рукой по колену. He seized a stick and struck at me. ≈ Он схватил палку и ударил по мне. (см. strike at) He struck his hand on the table. ≈ Он трахнул рукой по столу. He struck his hand against/at the wall. ≈ Он ударил(ся) рукой о стену. I struck sharply upon the glass. ≈ Я резко ударил по стеклу. to struck a gun from someone's hand ≈ выбить пистолет из чьей-л. руки The ship struck a rock. ≈ Судно наскочило на скалу/ударилось о скалу. Two ships struck in the channel. ≈ Два корабля столкнулись в канале. Syn: hit, deliver a blow/stroke to
2) пробивать, проникать сквозь что-л. а) уст. заколоть, зарубить, проткнуть( букв. и перен.) Every proof of the treachery struck like a knife into his heart. ≈ Каждое доказательство измены как нож вонзалось в его сердце. б) проникать сквозь, прорастать Trees struck roots deep into the soil. ≈ Деревни пускают корни глубоко в почву. The light strikes through the darkness. ≈ Свет пробивается сквозь темноту. в) перен. ловить на крючок, удить. the fish are striking well today ≈ рыба сегодня хорошо ловится/клюет
3) атаковать( о людях, зверях, болезнях, стихиях и т. п.;
см. также strike out) The beasts struck with their claws. ≈ Звери использовали при нападении клыки. The house had been struck with/by lightning. ≈ В дом ударила молния. Hurricane killed 275 people as it struck the island. ≈ Ураган унес 275 жизней, обрушившись на остров. The army struck at dawn. ≈ Армия атаковала на рассвете. He divided his forces, struck where there was no use in striking. ≈ Он разделил свои силы, атаковал там, где в этом не было нужды. The Duke had been stricken by paralysis. ≈ Герцога разбил паралич. to strike back ≈ нанести ответный удар, дать сдачи( at smb.) to strike the first blow ≈ быть зачинщиком to strike a blow for ≈ заступиться за within striking distance ≈ в пределах достижимости
4) поражать, производить впечатление He struck me by his knowledge. ≈ Он поразил меня своими знаниями. He always strikes students that way. ≈ Он всегда так действует на студентов. He doesn't strike me as (being) genius. ≈ Он не производит впечатления гения. The story stuck me as ridiculous. ≈ Рассказ поразил меня своей нелепостью. How does it strike you? ≈ Что вы об этом думаете? An idea suddenly struck me. ≈ Меня внезапно осенила мысль. It never struck me before. ≈ Мне это никогда еще не приходило в голову. {to }strike the eye ≈ бросаться в глаза {to }strike dumb ≈ ошарашить( кого-л.) Syn: affect, impress, touch
5) доводить (доходить) до некоторого состояния( связанного с физическим ущербом) to strike smb dead ≈ убить A great cold had struck him deaf. ≈ Сильнейшая простуда сделала его глухим. He looked stricken into stone. ≈ Он словно обратился в камень. разг.Strike me dumb! ≈ Убей меня бог! разг.And strike me Blind, but I've met him before! ≈ Чтоб я ослеп, если я его раньше не встречал! разг. Strike! Who the hell was responsible? ≈ Черт побери! Кто это сделал?
6) (связано с 5 и отчасти с
6) вселять (страх и т.п.) His appearance will strike terror into his enemies. ≈ Его появление вселяло ужас во врагов. His appearance struck her with terror. ≈ Его появление наполнило ее страхом.
7) производить действия, связанные с ударами, касаниями и т.п. а) высекать, зажигать(ся) (об огне - с помощью кремня или спички) to strike a match ≈ чиркнуть спичкой, зажечь спичку These matches are too wet to strike. ≈ Эти спички слишком сырые, чтобы зажечься. to strike a light ≈ зажечь свет( с помощью спички и т.п.) б) чеканить( монету), штамповать, печатать This medal appears to have been chased by hand and not to have been struck from a die. ≈ Эта медаль выглядит как гравированная вручную, а не штампованная. How long will it take to strike a film? ≈ Сколько времени уйдет на то, чтобы отпечатать фильм? в) извлекать звук, звучать, стучать( о сердце, пульсе), бить (о часах) to strike a chord on the piano ≈ брать аккорды на пианино His heart struck heavily when the house was visible. ≈ При виде дома сердце его забилось. It has just struck four. ≈ Только что пробило четыре. перен. Your hour has struck. ≈ Твой час пробил. перен. to strike a sour note ≈ прозвучать печальной нотой перен. to strike an incongruous note ≈ портить впечатление перен. She had now struck sixty. ≈ Ей бы сейчас стукнуло
60. Syn: (cause to) sound г) нажимать( клавиши) With one hand we strike three or four notes simultaneously. ≈ Одной рукой мы способны взять три или четыре ноты одновременно.
8) направляться, сворачивать (как правило с указанием направления: across, aside, down, forth, forward, into, over, off, to и т.п.) Instead of going by town, we had struck away northward. ≈ Вместо того, чтобы идти мимо города, мы свернули на север. Leaving the town, we now strike off towards the river. ≈ Оставив город, мы движемся к реке. The road strikes into the forest. ≈ Дорога сворачивает в лес. Road strikes away to the left. ≈ Дорога уходит влево. strike to the left ≈ поверните налево to strike a line, to strike a path ≈ двигаться в направлении( букв. и перен.)
9) а) спускать, убирать( о чем-то натянутом или поднятом: парусах, палатке и т.п.) to strike the flag, to strike one's colours ≈ опускать флаг( как знак уважения или при сдаче) б) перен. сдаваться( от to strike the flag) Captain reported that the fort had struck. ≈ Капитан доложил, что форт сдался. He would have clearly liked to stick out;
but there was something about the lot of us that meant mischief, and at last he struck (Stevenson). ≈ Он очевидно хотел бы отказаться, но было нечто столь угрожающее в большинстве из нас, что он в конце концов уступил.
10) проводить линию, чертить Strike a line from A to B. ≈ Проведи линию из A в B.
11) вычеркивать, исключать (см. также strike off, strike out) Over strong objections from the prosecutor, the judge ordered the question stricken. ≈ В связи с решительным протестом прокурора судья приказал исключить вопрос. Do you believe that the crash was an accident? Strike that. ≈ И ты веришь, что катастрофа была случайной? Это исключено!
12) сглаживать выравнивать (поверхность зерна, песка и т.п.)
13) приходить к соглашению, договариваться {to }strike a bargain ≈ договориться (о цене) {to }strike a happy medium ≈ находить компромисс
14) открыть, обнаружить, достичь желаемого (внезапно - сравни с
4) strike oil strike it rich ∙ strike aside strike at strike down strike from strike home strike in strike into strike off strike on strike out strike through strike together strike up
2. сущ.
1) удар preemptive strike ≈ упреждающий удар (ядерное нападение, опережающее удар противника)
2) открытие месторождения( нефти, руды и т. п.)
3) неожиданная удача Syn: lucky strike II
1. сущ.
1) забастовка, стачка to avert a strike ≈ предотвращать забастовку to break (up) a strike ≈ подавлять забастовку to call, organize a strike ≈ организовывать забастовку to conduct, stage a strike ≈ проводить забастовку to settle a strike ≈ урегулировать забастовку (разрешить конфликт, удовлетворить требования бастующих) strike action ≈ стачечная борьба to be on strike ≈ бастовать to go on strike ≈ объявлять забастовку general strike hunger strike quickie strike rent strike sit-down strike sympathy strike sympathetic strike token strike unofficial strike wildcat strike Syn: walkout
2) коллективный отказ( от чего-л.), бойкот buyers' strike ≈ бойкотирование покупателями определенных товаров или магазинов
2. гл. бастовать;
объявлять забастовку (for, against) The women have threatened to strike against unequal pay. ≈ Женщины выдвинули угрозу объявления забастовки по поводу нарушений, касающихся выплаты жалования. удар - * attack (авиация) удар по наземной цели - * weapon наступательное оружие - to make a * at smb. замахнуться на кого-л. (кулаком, оружием) ;
нанести удар кому-л.;
укусить /ужалить/ кого-л. (о змее) - to counter a * (военное) отражать удар - to exploit a * (военное) развивать успех (достигнутый в результате удара) (разговорное) воздушный налет удар, бой (часов) (американизм) плохой удар;
пропущенный мяч( в бейсболе) открытие месторождения( особ. золота) неожиданная удача (тж. lucky *) - a lucky * in politics политическая победа( на выборах и т. п.) (американизм) недостаток;
помеха - his racial background was a * against him его расовая принадлежность была препятствием на его пути клев - I've just got a * у меня только что клюнуло подсечка( лесы) большой улов гребок (для сгребания лишнего зерна с меры) (геология) простирание( жилы или пласта) > to have two *s against one быть в невыгодном положении ударять, бить - to * (on /upon/) the table стукнуть по столу - to * smb. ударить кого-л. - to * smb. in the face ударить кого-л. по лицу - he struck his enemy on the head он ударил своего врага по голове - to * a blow нанести удар - to * a voilent blow at smb., to * smb. a violent blow нанести кому-л. сильный удар, сильно ударить кого-л. - to * a blow aside отбить /парировать/ удар - to * back нанести ответный удар, дать сдачи - to * the first blow быть зачинщиком (в ссоре, драке) - who struck the first blow? кто начал( ссору, драку) ?, кто первый ударил? - to * a blow for smb., smth. выступить в защиту кого-л., чего-л. - we have struck a blow for freedom мы выступили в защиту свободы - to * a weapon from smb.'s hand выбить оружие из чьих-л. /у кого-л. из/ рук - to * with smth. ударить /бить/ чем-л. - he struck the nail with a hammer он ударил по гвоздю молотком - to * the hands together хлопнуть в ладоши ударяться, стукаться;
попадать - to * smth., to * on /upon, against/ smth. ударяться обо что-л., наскакивать на что-л.;
попадать во что-л. - to * the floor удариться об пол - to * a mine наскочить на мину - to * (the) bottom сесть на мель - two ships struck in midchannel два судна столкнулись в фарватере - his head struck (against) the pavement он ударился /стукнулся/ головой о тротуар - she struck her elbow against the door она ударилась локтем о дверь - the lightning struck the tree молния ударила в дерево - the light struck the windows свет упал на окна ударять (по клавишам, струнам) - to * a harp играть на арфе - to * a note взять ноту нападать - the enemy struck at dawn враг ударил на рассвете - they struck the retreating enemy они атаковали отступающего противника поражать;
сражать - to * smb. dead поразить кого-л. насмерть - to * smb. blind ослепить кого-л. - to be struck blind ослепнуть;
быть ослепленным - to * smb. dumb лишить кого-л. дара речи;
ошарашить кого-л. - I was struck dumb with amazement я онемел от удивления - the epidemic struck the country страну поразила эпидемия - to * with /by/ smth. поражать чем-л. - to be stricken by paralysis быть разбитым параличом - to * smb. to the heart поразить кого-л. в самое сердце (тж. on, upon) находить, наталкиваться, случайно встречать - to * ore открыть месторождение руды - to * water найти воду - to * oil открыть /найти/ нефтяной источник;
сделать выгодную сделку, добиться успеха;
преуспеть - to * upon an idea (случайно) напасть на мысль - to * (up) on a plan придумать план - the answer struck him suddenly внезапно он понял, в чем дело;
его осенило направляться;
поворачивать - to * across an island пересекать остров - to * into the woods направляться /сворачивать/ в лес;
углубляться в лес - to * northward направиться /повернуть/ на север - the range of hills *s southerly цепь холмов тянется к югу /в южном направлении/ - to * to the right повернуть направо - the road *s away to the left дорога круто сворачивает влево углубляться (в тему и т. п.) - to * into one's subject углубляться в свой предмет /в свою тему/ - to * out of one's subject отходить от своего предмета /от своей темы/ проникать;
пробиваться - to * through clouds пробиваться сквозь облака - sun rays struck through the fog лучи солнца пробивались сквозь туман - the wind struck through the cracks ветер проникал сквозь /задувал в/ щели - the cold struck through my clothes холод проникал сквозь мою одежду - to * (in) to the marrow пронизывать /пробирать/ насквозь /до мозга костей/ - the arrow struck through his armour стрела пробила /пронзила/ его латы достигать - to * the village достичь деревни - to * the right path выйти на нужную /правильную/ дорогу - we struck the main road мы вышли на главную дорогу - the sound struck (upon) his ear звук достиг /донесся до/ его слуха - to * soundings( морское) прийти на глубину, доступную измерению ручным лотом исключать;
отменять;
вычеркивать - * the last paragraph вычеркните последний абзац - to * smth. on the ground that there was no corroboration отменить что-л. на том основании, что это не получило подтверждения - to * a communication from the record изъять сообщение из протокола - they demanded that the book be struck off the list они потребовали исключить книгу из списка - if you disagree with anything I have written, * it through если вы не согласны с чем-л. из написанного мною, просто вычеркните это - their names have been struck through and are almost illegible их фамилии были зачеркнуты, и теперь их почти невозможно прочесть поражать, производить впечатление;
привлекать внимание - to * smb. as (being) clever производить на кого-л. впечатление умного человека;
казаться кому-л. умным - as it *s me как мне кажется - that *s me as rather silly это кажется мне довольно глупым;
это поражает меня своей глупостью - it struck me that he was not telling the truth мне показалось, что он не говорит правды - we were struck favourably with the plan план произвел на нас положительное впечатление - the room struck cold and damp комната показалась /выглядела/ холодной и сырой - his attention was struck by the unusual change его внимание было привлечено необычной переменой - she always *s strangers that way она всегда производит такое впечатление на чужих - how does it * you? что вы об этом думаете?;
как вам это нравится? - how does his playing * you? как вам нравится его игра? - to * the /one's/ eye бросаться в глаза, привлекать внимание - what a sight struck my eyes! какое зрелище открылось моим глазам! приходить в голову - a thought has struck me мне пришла( в голову) мысль;
меня осенила мысль - it struck me immediately that I had made a blunder я сразу понял, что сделал /допустил/ ошибку (американизм) (военное) служить денщиком (разговорное) неожиданно встретить - to * the name of a friend in a newspaper натолкнуться в газете на фамилию приятеля вызывать( какие-л. чувства) - to * a deep chord in smb.'s heart вызвать глубокий отклик в душе - to * a chord of memory вызвать воспоминания - to * the right note взять верный тон;
попасть в тон - to * a false note взять неправильный тон;
звучать фальшиво - to * a warning note насторожить, предупредить вселять (ужас и т. п.) - to * with awe внушать благоговейный страх - to be struck with panic быть охваченным паникой - the scream struck terror in me этот крик вселил в меня ужас - he was struck with shame ему вдруг /невольно/ стало стыдно высекать (огонь) ;
зажигать - to * a match зажечь спичку, чиркнуть спичкой - to * sparks out of flint высекать искры из кремня - to * a spark out of smb. зажечь кого-л., вызвать в ком-л. энтузиазм (электротехника) зажигать дугу зажигаться - that * only on the box спички, которые зажигаются только о коробок - the matches were too wet to * спички намокли и не зажигались бить (о часах) - this clock *s (the hours etc.) эти часы отбивают время;
это часы с боем - the clock is striking часы бьют - it has just struck four только что пробило четыре (часа) - the hour has struck пробил час, настало время - his hour has struck его час пробил - to * the bell (морское) бить склянки биться( о сердце) - his heart struck heavily when he saw his house его сердце сильно забилось, когда он увидел родной дом чеканить (монету, медаль) сделать, выбить ( бирку, ярлык) спускать( флаг) - to * the flag (морское) спускать флаг;
сдавать командование соединением;
сдаваться, покоряться убирать (паруса) - to * hull (морское) убрать все паруса и закрепить румпель в подветренном положении (в шторм) - to * a mast (морское) срубить мачту свернуть( палатки) - to * camp сниматься с бивака;
свертывать лагерь (строительство) снимать (леса) (театроведение) убирать, разбирать( декорации) ;
демонтировать( сцену) (театроведение) гасить, тушить, убавлять( свет) подводить (баланс) - to * an average выводить среднее число добиваться( равновесия) заключать( сделку) - to * a bargain заключить сделку;
прийти к соглашению, договориться - to * hands ударить по рукам, заключить сделку составлять (список и т. п.) - to * a jury составить список присяжных (давать сторонам возможность вычеркнуть одинковое количество кандидатов) - to * a committee образовать комитет подсекать( рыбу) загарпунить (кита) клевать, брать приманку ( о рыбе) кусать, жалить ( о змее) - struck by a snake укушенный змеей пускать (корни) ;
приниматься - the tree struck its roots deep дерево пустило глубокие корни укореняться, прививаться, приживаться сажать, культивировать( растения) прокрашивать (ткань, дерево) впитываться, растекаться( о краске) просаливать, пропитывать солью (мясо, рыбу) разгружать (корабль) разгружаться( морское) спускать (в трюм;
тж. * down) ровнять гребком (меру зерна) мездрить( кожу) сдирать( мездру) (специальное) отбивать черту (намеленной веревкой) - to strike at smb., smth. набрасываться /нападать/ на кого-л., что-л.;
наносить удар кому-л., чему-л.;
направлять удар на кого-л., что-л.;
(военное) наступать на кого-л., что-л. - to * at smb. with a sword нанести кому-л. удар шпагой /саблей/ - to * at the dog with a stick замахнуться на собаку палкой - I struck at the ball but missed я ударил по мячу, но промахнулся - to strike into smth. начинать что-л.;
вмешиваться во что-л. - to * into a song начинать петь, заводить песню - he struck into another song он запел /завел/ другую /новую/ песню - the orchestra struck into another waltz оркестр заиграл еще один вальс - to * into a gallop пускаться в галоп (конный спорт) - to * into a quarrel вмешаться в ссору - to * into conversation вступить в разговор - to strike smth. into smth. заставлять что-л. проникать во что-л.;
втыкать, вонзать, вколачивать что-л. во что-л. - to * the nail into the board загнать гвоздь в доску - to strike smth. into smb. вонзать что-л. в кого-л.;
давать, придавать что-л. кому-л. - to * life into smb. вдохнуть жизнь в кого-л. - to strike for smth. стремиться к чему-л., делать усилие, чтобы добиться чего-л.;
бороться, сражаться за что-л. - the futility of striking for what seems unattainable тщетность стремлений к тому, что недостижимо - to * for freedom бороться за свободу - to * vigorously for success настойчиво добиваться успеха - to strike smb. for smth. (американизм) (сленг) вымогать, выпрашивать что-л. у кого-л.;
просить, искать протекции у кого-л. - to * smb. for a loan просить кого-л. одолжить денег - he struck his friend for a job он попросил приятеля подыскать ему работу > to * an attitude принять( театральную) позу > to * at the root /at the foundation/ of smth. стремиться искоренить основу чего-л.;
вырвать что-л. с корнем;
подрывать самую основу чего-л. > to * on truth попасть в цель, найти истину, правильно угадать > to * home попасть в цель;
попасть в самую точку;
дойти до самого сердца;
брать за душу;
задевать за живое, больно задевать > to * it rich напасть на жилу;
неожиданно разбогатеть;
преуспеть > to be struck on smb. быть влюбленным в кого-л. > to * smb. all of a heap ошеломить кого-л. > to * smb. to the quick задеть кого-л. за живое > * me dead! (просторечие) разрази меня господь /гром/!;
умереть мне на этом месте! > * while the iron is hot, * the iron while it is hot (пословица) куй железо, пока горячо забастовка, стачка - all-out * всеобщая забастовка - to be on * бастовать - to go on * объявить забастовку, забастовать - sympathetic * забастовка солидарности - * movement стачечное движение - the General S. (историческое) Всеобщая стачка (в Англии в 1926 г.) - hunger * голодная забастовка;
отказ принимать пищу - the * has been called off забастовка была отменена /прекращена/ коллективный отказ (от чего-л.) ;
бойкот - buyers' * бойкотирование покупателями определенных товаров или магазинов бастовать;
объявлять забастовку - to * against long hours бастовать, добиваясь сокращения рабочего дня - to * for higher pay забастовать, чтобы добиться повышения зарплаты прекращать работу ~ приходить в голову;
an idea suddenly struck me меня внезапно осенила мысль to ~ up an acquaintance завязать знакомство;
the band struck up оркестр заиграл ~ забастовка, стачка;
to be on strike бастовать;
to go on strike объявлять забастовку, забастовать ~ коллективный отказ (от чего-л.), бойкот;
buyers' strike бойкотирование покупателями определенных товаров или магазинов call a ~ объявлять забастовку go-slow ~ забастовка, при которой снижают темп работы go-slow ~ забастовка, при которой преднамеренно замедляется темп работы ~ sl. просить, искать протекции;
he struck his friend for a job он попросил приятеля подыскать ему работу ~ бить (о часах) ;
it has just struck four только что пробило четыре;
the hour has struck пробил час, настало время;
his hour has struck его (смертный) час пробил ~ бить (о часах) ;
it has just struck four только что пробило четыре;
the hour has struck пробил час, настало время;
his hour has struck его (смертный) час пробил how does it ~ you? что вы об этом думаете?;
how does his suggestion strike you? как вам нравится его предложение? how does it ~ you? что вы об этом думаете?;
how does his suggestion strike you? как вам нравится его предложение? hunger ~ голодная забастовка illegal ~ незаконная забастовка illegal ~ неофициальная забастовка ~ бить (о часах) ;
it has just struck four только что пробило четыре;
the hour has struck пробил час, настало время;
his hour has struck его (смертный) час пробил lawful ~ правомерная забастовка ~ проникать;
пронизывать;
the light strikes through the darkness свет пробивается сквозь темноту lightning ~ спонтанная забастовка local ~ местная забастовка ~ высекать (огонь) ;
зажигать(ся) ;
to strike a match чиркнуть спичкой, зажечь спичку;
the match won't strike спичка не зажигается national one-day ~ общенациональная однодневная забастовка political ~ политическая забастовка protest ~ забастовка протеста secondary ~ забастовка во второстепенной отрасли secondary ~ забастовка на второстепенном предприятии selective ~ забастовка на ключевых участках производства to ~ the first blow быть зачинщиком;
the ship struck a rock судно наскочило на скалу sit-down ~ сидячая забастовка sit-in ~ сидячая (или итальянская) забастовка spontaneous ~ стихийная забастовка staggered ~ забастовка по скользящему графику ~ производить впечатление;
the story strikes me as ridiculous рассказ поражает меня своей нелепостью strike бастовать;
объявлять забастовку (for, against) ~ бастовать ~ бить (о часах) ;
it has just struck four только что пробило четыре;
the hour has struck пробил час, настало время;
his hour has struck его (смертный) час пробил ~ бойкот ~ вселять (ужас и т. п.) ~ высекать (огонь) ;
зажигать(ся) ;
to strike a match чиркнуть спичкой, зажечь спичку;
the match won't strike спичка не зажигается ~ добираться, достигать ~ забастовка, стачка;
to be on strike бастовать;
to go on strike объявлять забастовку, забастовать ~ забастовка ~ коллективный отказ (от чего-л.), бойкот;
buyers' strike бойкотирование покупателями определенных товаров или магазинов ~ коллективный отказ ~ мера емкости( разная в разных районах Англии) ~ вчт. нажать ~ вчт. нажимать ~ найти;
наткнуться на, случайно встретить;
to strike the eye бросаться в глаза;
to strike oil открыть нефтяной источник;
перен. достичь успеха;
преуспевать ~ направляться (тж. strike out) ;
strike to the left поверните налево ~ неожиданная удача (тж. lucky strike) ~ объявлять забастовку ~ открытие месторождения (нефти, руды и т. п.) ~ открытие месторождения ~ подводить (баланс), заключать (сделку) ~ подводить (баланс) ;
заключать (сделку) ;
to strike an average выводить среднее число ~ подсекать (рыбу) ;
strike at наносить удар, нападать;
strike down свалить с ног, сразить;
strike in вмешиваться( в разговор) ~ поражать, сражать;
to strike dumb лишить дара слова;
ошарашить (кого-л.) ~ приходить в голову;
an idea suddenly struck me меня внезапно осенила мысль ~ производить впечатление;
the story strikes me as ridiculous рассказ поражает меня своей нелепостью ~ проникать;
пронизывать;
the light strikes through the darkness свет пробивается сквозь темноту ~ sl. просить, искать протекции;
he struck his friend for a job он попросил приятеля подыскать ему работу ~ геол. простирание жилы или пласта ~ пускать (корни) ~ ровнять гребком (меру зерна) ~ сажать ~ спускать (флаг) ;
убирать (паруса и т. п.) ;
to strike camp, to strike one's tent сняться с лагеря ~ стачка, забастовка ~ стачка ~ удар ~ ударять (по клавишам, струнам) ~ (struck;
struck, уст. stricken) ударять(ся) ;
бить;
to strike a blow нанести удар;
to strike back нанести ответный удар, дать сдачи ~ ударять(ся), бить ~ чеканить, выбивать ~ амер. sl. шантажировать, вымогать ~ (struck;
struck, уст. stricken) ударять(ся) ;
бить;
to strike a blow нанести удар;
to strike back нанести ответный удар, дать сдачи to ~ a blow (for smb., smth.) выступить в защиту (кого-л., чего-л.) ~ upon напасть на (мысль) ;
to strike a note вызвать определенное впечатление ~ attr. забастовочный, стачечный;
strike action стачечная борьба to ~ (smb.) all of a heap ошеломлять( кого-л.) to ~ home больно задеть, задеть за живое;
to strike hands ударить по рукам;
to strike an attitude принять (театральную) позу ~ any key вчт. нажмите любую клавишу ~ подсекать (рыбу) ;
strike at наносить удар, нападать;
strike down свалить с ног, сразить;
strike in вмешиваться (в разговор) ~ attr. забастовочный, стачечный;
strike action стачечная борьба ~ (struck;
struck, уст. stricken) ударять(ся) ;
бить;
to strike a blow нанести удар;
to strike back нанести ответный удар, дать сдачи ~ спускать (флаг) ;
убирать (паруса и т. п.) ;
to strike camp, to strike one's tent сняться с лагеря ~ подсекать (рыбу) ;
strike at наносить удар, нападать;
strike down свалить с ног, сразить;
strike in вмешиваться (в разговор) ~ поражать, сражать;
to strike dumb лишить дара слова;
ошарашить (кого-л.) to ~ home больно задеть, задеть за живое;
to strike hands ударить по рукам;
to strike an attitude принять (театральную) позу to ~ home больно задеть, задеть за живое;
to strike hands ударить по рукам;
to strike an attitude принять (театральную) позу to ~ home попасть в цель ~ подсекать (рыбу) ;
strike at наносить удар, нападать;
strike down свалить с ног, сразить;
strike in вмешиваться (в разговор) ~ into вонзать ~ into вселять (ужас и т. п.) ~ into направляться, углубляться ~ into начинать;
to strike into a gallop пускаться в галоп ~ into начинать;
to strike into a gallop пускаться в галоп to ~ it rich напасть на жилу to ~ it rich преуспевать;
to strike out a new line for oneself выработать для себя новую линию поведения (теорию и т. п.) ~ off вычитать( из счета) ~ off вычеркивать ~ off делать( что-л.) быстро и энергично ~ off полигр. отпечатывать ~ off отрубать( ударом меча, топора) ~ найти;
наткнуться на, случайно встретить;
to strike the eye бросаться в глаза;
to strike oil открыть нефтяной источник;
перен. достичь успеха;
преуспевать ~ спускать (флаг) ;
убирать (паруса и т. п.) ;
to strike camp, to strike one's tent сняться с лагеря ~ out выбрасывать ~ out вычеркивать ~ out вычеркнуть ~ out делать рабочий чертеж ~ out изобрести, придумать;
to strike out a new idea изобрести новый план ~ out изобретать ~ out набрасывать план ~ out придумывать ~ out энергично двигать руками и ногами (при плавании) ;
to strike out for the shore быстро поплыть к берегу ~ out изобрести, придумать;
to strike out a new idea изобрести новый план to ~ it rich преуспевать;
to strike out a new line for oneself выработать для себя новую линию поведения (теорию и т. п.) ~ out энергично двигать руками и ногами (при плавании) ;
to strike out for the shore быстро поплыть к берегу ~ out pleadings признавать состязательные бумаги противной стороны, не имеющие юридического значения ~ найти;
наткнуться на, случайно встретить;
to strike the eye бросаться в глаза;
to strike oil открыть нефтяной источник;
перен. достичь успеха;
преуспевать to ~ the first blow быть зачинщиком;
the ship struck a rock судно наскочило на скалу ~ the iron while it is hot посл. куй железо, пока горячо ~ through зачеркивать;
strike up начинать ~ направляться (тж. strike out) ;
strike to the left поверните налево ~ through зачеркивать;
strike up начинать to ~ up an acquaintance завязать знакомство;
the band struck up оркестр заиграл ~ upon достигать (о звуке) ~ upon напасть на (мысль) ;
to strike a note вызвать определенное впечатление ~ upon падать на( о свете) ~ upon придумывать (план) sympathetic ~ забастовка солидарности sympathy ~ = sympathetic strike sympathetic: ~ сочувственный;
полный сочувствия;
вызванный сочувствием;
sympathetic strike забастовка солидарности sympathy ~ = sympathetic strike sympathy ~ забастовка солидарности token ~ символическая забастовка unauthorized ~ неразрешенная забастовка wildcat ~ забастовка, не санкционированная профсоюзом wildcat ~ незаконная забастовка wildcat ~ неофициальная забастовка wildcat ~ несанкционированная забастовка wildcat ~ стихийная забастовка wildcat: ~ незаконный, не соответствующий договору, несанкционированный;
wildcat strike забастовка, проведенная рабочими без разрешения профсоюза work-to-rule ~ итальянская забастовка work-to-rule ~ работа строго по правилам

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > strike
12 view

view [vju:]

1 noun

(a) (sight) vue f;

∎ to come into view apparaître;

∎ we came into view of the shore nous sommes arrivés en vue du rivage, nous avons aperçu le rivage;

∎ he turned the corner and disappeared from view il a tourné au coin et on l'a perdu de vue ou il a disparu;

∎ it happened in full view of the television cameras/police cela s'est passé juste devant les caméras de télévision/sous les yeux de la police;

∎ to be on view (house) être ouvert aux visites; (picture) être exposé;

∎ the woods are within view of the house de la maison on voit les bois;

∎ to hide sth from view (accidentally) cacher qch; (deliberately) cacher qch aux regards;

∎ to keep sth in view ne pas perdre qch de vue

(b) (prospect) vue f;

∎ the house has a good view of the sea la maison a une belle vue sur la mer;

∎ a room with a view une chambre avec vue;

∎ there's a nice view from the window de la fenêtre il y a une très belle vue;

∎ there are nice views of the coast from that hill de cette colline on a de belles vues sur la côte;

∎ from here we have a side view of the cathedral d'ici nous avons une vue de profil de la cathédrale;

∎ you get a better view from here on voit mieux d'ici;

∎ the man in front of me blocked my view of the stage l'homme devant moi m'empêchait de voir la scène;

∎ figurative a comprehensive view of English literature une vue d'ensemble de la littérature anglaise

(c) (future perspective)

∎ in view en vue;

∎ there appears to be no solution in view il semble n'y avoir aucune solution en vue;

∎ what do you have in view as regards work? quelles sont vos intentions en ce qui concerne le travail?;

∎ with this (end) in view avec ou dans cette intention;

∎ she has in view the publication of a new book elle envisage de publier un nouveau livre;

∎ to take the long view of sth voir qch à long terme

(d) (aim, purpose) but m, intention f;

∎ with a view to doing sth en vue de faire qch, dans l'intention de faire qch;

∎ they bought the house with a view to their retirement ils ont acheté la maison en pensant à leur retraite

(e) (interpretation) vue f;

∎ an overall view une vue d'ensemble;

∎ he has or takes a gloomy view of life il a une vue pessimiste de la vie, il envisage la vie d'une manière pessimiste

(f) (picture, photograph) vue f;

∎ views of Venice vues de Venise;

∎ an aerial view of New York une vue aérienne de New York

(g) (opinion) avis m, opinion f;

∎ in my view à mon avis;

∎ in the view of many of our colleagues de l'avis de beaucoup de nos collègues;

∎ I respect her political views je respecte ses opinions politiques;

∎ that seems to be the generally accepted view ceci semble être l'opinion générale ou courante;

∎ that's the official view c'est le point de vue officiel;

∎ everybody has their own view of the situation chacun comprend la situation à sa façon, chacun a sa propre façon de voir la situation;

∎ he takes the view that they are innocent il pense ou estime qu'ils sont innocents;

∎ I don't take that view je ne partage pas cet avis;

∎ she took a poor or dim view of his behaviour elle n'appréciait guère son comportement;

∎ what is your view on the matter? quelle est votre opinion sur la question?;

∎ she holds or has strong views on the subject elle a des opinions ou des idées bien nettes sur le sujet;

∎ he's changed his views on disarmament il a changé d'avis sur le désarmement

2 transitive verb

(a) (look at) voir, regarder; (film, programme) regarder;

∎ viewed from above/from afar/from the outside vu d'en haut/de loin/de l'extérieur

(b) (examine → slides) visionner; (→ through microscope) regarder; (→ flat, showhouse) visiter, inspecter; (exhibition, paintings) voir;

∎ the house may be viewed at weekends only on peut visiter la maison pendant les week-ends uniquement

(c) figurative (consider, judge) considérer, envisager;

∎ the committee viewed his application favourably la commission a porté un regard favorable sur sa candidature;

∎ he was viewed as a dangerous maniac on le considérait comme un fou dangereux;

∎ how do you view this matter? quel est votre avis sur cette affaire?;

∎ the government views the latest international developments with alarm le gouvernement porte un regard inquiet sur les derniers développements internationaux;

∎ I would view his departure with equanimity j'envisagerais son départ avec sérénité;

∎ when viewed in this light vu sous cet angle

(d) Hunting (fox) apercevoir

(e) Computing (codes, document) visualiser, afficher

3 intransitive verb

Television regarder la télévision

4 in view of preposition

étant donné, vu;

∎ in view of his age étant donné son âge, vu son âge;

∎ in view of what has happened en raison de ou étant donné ce qui s'est passé;

∎ in view of this ceci étant

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > view
13 Creativity

   1) All Human Complex Problem Solving Is Creativity

   Put in this bald way, these aims sound utopian. How utopian they areor rather, how imminent their realization-depends on how broadly or narrowly we interpret the term "creative." If we are willing to regard all human complex problem solving as creative, then-as we will point out-successful programs for problem solving mechanisms that simulate human problem solvers already exist, and a number of their general characteristics are known. If we reserve the term "creative" for activities like discovery of the special theory of relativity or the composition of Beethoven's Seventh Symphony, then no example of a creative mechanism exists at the present time. (Simon, 1979, pp. 144-145)

   2) Artificial Intelligence Models of Creative Association

   Among the questions that can now be given preliminary answers in computational terms are the following: how can ideas from very different sources be spontaneously thought of together? how can two ideas be merged to produce a new structure, which shows the inﬂuence of both ancestor ideas without being a mere "cut-and-paste" combination? how can the mind be "primed," so that one will more easily notice serendipitous ideas? why may someone notice-and remember-something fairly uninteresting, if it occurs in an interesting context? how can a brief phrase conjure up an entire melody from memory? and how can we accept two ideas as similar ("love" and "prove" as rhyming, for instance) in respect of a feature not identical in both? The features of connectionist AI models that suggest answers to these questions are their powers of pattern completion, graceful degradation, sensitization, multiple constraint satisfaction, and "best-fit" equilibration.... Here, the important point is that the unconscious, "insightful," associative aspects of creativity can be explained-in outline, at least-by AI methods. (Boden, 1996, p. 273)

   3) Creative Innovation and Social Independence

   There thus appears to be an underlying similarity in the process involved in creative innovation and social independence, with common traits and postures required for expression of both behaviors. The difference is one of product-literary, musical, artistic, theoretical products on the one hand, opinions on the other-rather than one of process. In both instances the individual must believe that his perceptions are meaningful and valid and be willing to rely upon his own interpretations. He must trust himself sufficiently that even when persons express opinions counter to his own he can proceed on the basis of his own perceptions and convictions. (Coopersmith, 1967, p. 58)

   4) Ego Strength and Emotional Stability among Creative Geniuses

   he average level of ego strength and emotional stability is noticeably higher among creative geniuses than among the general population, though it is possibly lower than among men of comparable intelligence and education who go into administrative and similar positions. High anxiety and excitability appear common (e.g. Priestley, Darwin, Kepler) but full-blown neurosis is quite rare. (Cattell & Butcher, 1970, p. 315)

   5) Its Mundane Character

   he insight that is supposed to be required for such work as discovery turns out to be synonymous with the familiar process of recognition; and other terms commonly used in the discussion of creative work-such terms as "judgment," "creativity," or even "genius"-appear to be wholly dispensable or to be definable, as insight is, in terms of mundane and well-understood concepts. (Simon, 1989, p. 376)

   6) Mozart's Musical Ideas Came to Him in Polished Form

   From the sketch material still in existence, from the condition of the fragments, and from the autographs themselves we can draw definite conclusions about Mozart's creative process. To invent musical ideas he did not need any stimulation; they came to his mind "ready-made" and in polished form. In contrast to Beethoven, who made numerous attempts at shaping his musical ideas until he found the definitive formulation of a theme, Mozart's first inspiration has the stamp of finality. Any Mozart theme has completeness and unity; as a phenomenon it is a Gestalt. (Herzmann, 1964, p. 28)

   7) Scientific Theories and Works of Art Alike Originate in Fantasy

   Great artists enlarge the limits of one's perception. Looking at the world through the eyes of Rembrandt or Tolstoy makes one able to perceive aspects of truth about the world which one could not have achieved without their aid. Freud believed that science was adaptive because it facilitated mastery of the external world; but was it not the case that many scientific theories, like works of art, also originated in phantasy? Certainly, reading accounts of scientific discovery by men of the calibre of Einstein compelled me to conclude that phantasy was not merely escapist, but a way of reaching new insights concerning the nature of reality. Scientific hypotheses require proof; works of art do not. Both are concerned with creating order, with making sense out of the world and our experience of it. (Storr, 1993, p. xii)

   8) Self- Esteem and Creative Expression

   The importance of self-esteem for creative expression appears to be almost beyond disproof. Without a high regard for himself the individual who is working in the frontiers of his field cannot trust himself to discriminate between the trivial and the significant. Without trust in his own powers the person seeking improved solutions or alternative theories has no basis for distinguishing the significant and profound innovation from the one that is merely different.... An essential component of the creative process, whether it be analysis, synthesis, or the development of a new perspective or more comprehensive theory, is the conviction that one's judgment in interpreting the events is to be trusted. (Coopersmith, 1967, p. 59)

   9) Stages in Creative Problem- Solving

   In the daily stream of thought these four different stages [preparation; incubation; illumination or inspiration; and verification] constantly overlap each other as we explore different problems. An economist reading a Blue Book, a physiologist watching an experiment, or a business man going through his morning's letters, may at the same time be "incubating" on a problem which he proposed to himself a few days ago, be accumulating knowledge in "preparation" for a second problem, and be "verifying" his conclusions to a third problem. Even in exploring the same problem, the mind may be unconsciously incubating on one aspect of it, while it is consciously employed in preparing for or verifying another aspect. (Wallas, 1926, p. 81)

    10) The Bisociative Pattern of the Creative Synthesis

   he basic, bisociative pattern of the creative synthesis [is] the sudden interlocking of two previously unrelated skills, or matrices of thought. (Koestler, 1964, p. 121)

    11) The Earliest Stages in the Creative Process Involve a Commerce with Disorder

   Even to the creator himself, the earliest effort may seem to involve a commerce with disorder. For the creative order, which is an extension of life, is not an elaboration of the established, but a movement beyond the established, or at least a reorganization of it and often of elements not included in it. The first need is therefore to transcend the old order. Before any new order can be defined, the absolute power of the established, the hold upon us of what we know and are, must be broken. New life comes always from outside our world, as we commonly conceive that world. This is the reason why, in order to invent, one must yield to the indeterminate within him, or, more precisely, to certain illdefined impulses which seem to be of the very texture of the ungoverned fullness which John Livingston Lowes calls "the surging chaos of the unexpressed." (Ghiselin, 1985, p. 4)

    12) The Inner Life of the Creative Process

   New life comes always from outside our world, as we commonly conceive our world. This is the reason why, in order to invent, one must yield to the indeterminate within him, or, more precisely, to certain illdefined impulses which seem to be of the very texture of the ungoverned fullness which John Livingston Lowes calls "the surging chaos of the unexpressed." Chaos and disorder are perhaps the wrong terms for that indeterminate fullness and activity of the inner life. For it is organic, dynamic, full of tension and tendency. What is absent from it, except in the decisive act of creation, is determination, fixity, and commitment to one resolution or another of the whole complex of its tensions. (Ghiselin, 1952, p. 13)

    13) The Problem of What Impels the Creative Person

   [P]sychoanalysts have principally been concerned with the content of creative products, and with explaining content in terms of the artist's infantile past. They have paid less attention to examining why the artist chooses his particular activity to express, abreact or sublimate his emotions. In short, they have not made much distinction between art and neurosis; and, since the former is one of the blessings of mankind, whereas the latter is one of the curses, it seems a pity that they should not be better differentiated....

   Psychoanalysis, being fundamentally concerned with drive and motive, might have been expected to throw more light upon what impels the creative person that in fact it has. (Storr, 1993, pp. xvii, 3)

    14) Theories of Creative Thinking

   A number of theoretical approaches were considered. Associative theory, as developed by Mednick (1962), gained some empirical support from the apparent validity of the Remote Associates Test, which was constructed on the basis of the theory.... Koestler's (1964) bisociative theory allows more complexity to mental organization than Mednick's associative theory, and postulates "associative contexts" or "frames of reference." He proposed that normal, non-creative, thought proceeds within particular contexts or frames and that the creative act involves linking together previously unconnected frames.... Simonton (1988) has developed associative notions further and explored the mathematical consequences of chance permutation of ideas....

   Like Koestler, Gruber (1980; Gruber and Davis, 1988) has based his analysis on case studies. He has focused especially on Darwin's development of the theory of evolution. Using piagetian notions, such as assimilation and accommodation, Gruber shows how Darwin's system of ideas changed very slowly over a period of many years. "Moments of insight," in Gruber's analysis, were the culminations of slow long-term processes.... Finally, the information-processing approach, as represented by Simon (1966) and Langley et al. (1987), was considered.... [Simon] points out the importance of good problem representations, both to ensure search is in an appropriate problem space and to aid in developing heuristic evaluations of possible research directions.... The work of Langley et al. (1987) demonstrates how such search processes, realized in computer programs, can indeed discover many basic laws of science from tables of raw data.... Boden (1990a, 1994) has stressed the importance of restructuring the problem space in creative work to develop new genres and paradigms in the arts and sciences. (Gilhooly, 1996, pp. 243-244; emphasis in original)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Creativity
14 Memory

   1) A Unitary Search Process for All the Phenomena of Memory

   To what extent can we lump together what goes on when you try to recall: (1) your name; (2) how you kick a football; and (3) the present location of your car keys? If we use introspective evidence as a guide, the first seems an immediate automatic response. The second may require constructive internal replay prior to our being able to produce a verbal description. The third... quite likely involves complex operational responses under the control of some general strategy system. Is any unitary search process, with a single set of characteristics and inputoutput relations, likely to cover all these cases? (Reitman, 1970, p. 485)

   2) Semantic Memory Is a Mental Thesaurus

   [Semantic memory] Is a mental thesaurus, organized knowledge a person possesses about words and other verbal symbols, their meanings and referents, about relations among them, and about rules, formulas, and algorithms for the manipulation of these symbols, concepts, and relations. Semantic memory does not register perceptible properties of inputs, but rather cognitive referents of input signals. (Tulving, 1972, p. 386)

   3) The Development of Mnemonic Codes

   The mnemonic code, far from being fixed and unchangeable, is structured and restructured along with general development. Such a restructuring of the code takes place in close dependence on the schemes of intelligence. The clearest indication of this is the observation of different types of memory organisation in accordance with the age level of a child so that a longer interval of retention without any new presentation, far from causing a deterioration of memory, may actually improve it. (Piaget & Inhelder, 1973, p. 36)

   4) The Logic of Some Memory Theorization Is of Dubious Worth in the History of Psychology

   If a cue was effective in memory retrieval, then one could infer it was encoded; if a cue was not effective, then it was not encoded. The logic of this theorization is "heads I win, tails you lose" and is of dubious worth in the history of psychology. We might ask how long scientists will puzzle over questions with no answers. (Solso, 1974, p. 28)

   5) The Constituent Elements of Memory Theory

   We have iconic, echoic, active, working, acoustic, articulatory, primary, secondary, episodic, semantic, short-term, intermediate-term, and longterm memories, and these memories contain tags, traces, images, attributes, markers, concepts, cognitive maps, natural-language mediators, kernel sentences, relational rules, nodes, associations, propositions, higher-order memory units, and features. (Eysenck, 1977, p. 4)

   6) The Problem with the Memory Metaphor

   The problem with the memory metaphor is that storage and retrieval of traces only deals [ sic] with old, previously articulated information. Memory traces can perhaps provide a basis for dealing with the "sameness" of the present experience with previous experiences, but the memory metaphor has no mechanisms for dealing with novel information. (Bransford, McCarrell, Franks & Nitsch, 1977, p. 434)

   7) The Results of a Hundred Years of the Psychological Study of Memory Are Somewhat Discouraging

   The results of a hundred years of the psychological study of memory are somewhat discouraging. We have established firm empirical generalisations, but most of them are so obvious that every ten-year-old knows them anyway. We have made discoveries, but they are only marginally about memory; in many cases we don't know what to do with them, and wear them out with endless experimental variations. We have an intellectually impressive group of theories, but history offers little confidence that they will provide any meaningful insight into natural behavior. (Neisser, 1978, pp. 12-13)

   8) The Structure and Function of a Schema in Memory

   A schema, then is a data structure for representing the generic concepts stored in memory. There are schemata representing our knowledge about all concepts; those underlying objects, situations, events, sequences of events, actions and sequences of actions. A schema contains, as part of its specification, the network of interrelations that is believed to normally hold among the constituents of the concept in question. A schema theory embodies a prototype theory of meaning. That is, inasmuch as a schema underlying a concept stored in memory corresponds to the mean ing of that concept, meanings are encoded in terms of the typical or normal situations or events that instantiate that concept. (Rumelhart, 1980, p. 34)

   9) Competence and Performance in Theories of Memory

   Memory appears to be constrained by a structure, a "syntax," perhaps at quite a low level, but it is free to be variable, deviant, even erratic at a higher level....

   Like the information system of language, memory can be explained in part by the abstract rules which underlie it, but only in part. The rules provide a basic competence, but they do not fully determine performance. (Campbell, 1982, pp. 228, 229)

    10) Metaphors of Memory

   When people think about the mind, they often liken it to a physical space, with memories and ideas as objects contained within that space. Thus, we speak of ideas being in the dark corners or dim recesses of our minds, and of holding ideas in mind. Ideas may be in the front or back of our minds, or they may be difficult to grasp. With respect to the processes involved in memory, we talk about storing memories, of searching or looking for lost memories, and sometimes of finding them. An examination of common parlance, therefore, suggests that there is general adherence to what might be called the spatial metaphor. The basic assumptions of this metaphor are that memories are treated as objects stored in specific locations within the mind, and the retrieval process involves a search through the mind in order to find specific memories....

   However, while the spatial metaphor has shown extraordinary longevity, there have been some interesting changes over time in the precise form of analogy used. In particular, technological advances have inﬂuenced theoretical conceptualisations.... The original Greek analogies were based on wax tablets and aviaries; these were superseded by analogies involving switchboards, gramophones, tape recorders, libraries, conveyor belts, and underground maps. Most recently, the workings of human memory have been compared to computer functioning... and it has been suggested that the various memory stores found in computers have their counterparts in the human memory system. (Eysenck, 1984, pp. 79-80)

    11) Comparison of Primary Memory and Secondary Memory

   Primary memory [as proposed by William James] relates to information that remains in consciousness after it has been perceived, and thus forms part of the psychological present, whereas secondary memory contains information about events that have left consciousness, and are therefore part of the psychological past. (Eysenck, 1984, p. 86)

    12) Semantic Memory and Episodic Memory

   Once psychologists began to study long-term memory per se, they realized it may be divided into two main categories.... Semantic memories have to do with our general knowledge about the working of the world. We know what cars do, what stoves do, what the laws of gravity are, and so on. Episodic memories are largely events that took place at a time and place in our personal history. Remembering specific events about our own actions, about our family, and about our individual past falls into this category. With amnesia or in aging, what dims... is our personal episodic memories, save for those that are especially dear or painful to us. Our knowledge of how the world works remains pretty much intact. (Gazzaniga, 1988, p. 42)

    13) The Relation of Memory to Thinking

   The nature of memory... provides a natural starting point for an analysis of thinking. Memory is the repository of many of the beliefs and representations that enter into thinking, and the retrievability of these representations can limit the quality of our thought. (Smith, 1990, p. 1)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Memory
15 Time

    The Contradiction Between Physical Time and Psychological Time

   In appropriating time for themselves, and abstracting it into a stark mathematical parameter, physicists have robbed it of much of its original, human, content. The physicist will usually say, "Ours is the real time-and all that there really is. The richness of human psychological time derives entirely from subjective factors and is unrelated to the intrinsic qualities of real, physical time"-and then go about his or her work and daily life immersed in the complexities of human time like everyone else.

   Should we simply shrug the human experience of time aside as a matter solely for psychologists? Does the time of an altered state of conciousness have no relevance at all to the time of Newton or Einstein? Does our impression of the ﬂow of time, or the division of time into past, present and future, tell us nothing at all about how time is as opposed to how it merely appears to us muddle-headed humans?

   As a physicist, I am well aware how much intuition can lead us astray. As I remarked earlier, intuition suggests that the sun moves around the earth. Yet, as a human being, I find it impossible to relinquish the sensation of a ﬂowing time and a moving present moment. It is something so basic to my experience of the world that I am repelled by the claim that it is only an illusion or misperception. It seems to me there is an aspect of time of great significance that we have so far overlooked in our description of the physical universe. (Davies, 1995, p. 275)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Time
16 Gordon, Lewis Dunbar Brodie

SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering

[br]

b. 6 March 1815 Edinburgh, Scotland

d. 1876

[br]

Scottish civil engineer.

[br]

Lewis Gordon attended the High School in Edinburgh and Edinburgh University. He was unusual amongst British engineers of his generation in also spending some time at foreign educational establishments, including the School of Mines at Freiberg in Saxony and the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris. He served under Marc Brunel in the final stages of the construction of the Thames Tunnel, from 1837 to 1840. After this, he set up a civil engineering partnership with Lawrence Hill in Glasgow in 1840 and was then appointed as the first holder of the Regius Chair of Civil Engineering and Mechanics at Glasgow University, 1841–55. He seems to have been frustrated by the lack of facilities at Glasgow, and handed over to his deputy, W.J.M. Rankine in 1855, in order to concentrate on his growing private practice which he had been building up during his professorship at the university. His practice was involved in designing iron bridges and introducing wire rope into Britain; he also became involved with submarine cables and telegraphy. With Charles Liddell, he was the engineer for several railways in England and Wales, including the Crumlin Viaduct on the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway.

[br]

Further Reading

Although he was frequently referred to in accounts of the period, there appears to be no good biographical work on Gordon. However, see Buchanan, 1989, The Engineers.

AB

Biographical history of technology > Gordon, Lewis Dunbar Brodie
17 Thornley, David

SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

[br]

b. c. 1741 Liverpool (?), England

d. 27 January 1772 Nottingham, England

[br]

English partner in Arkwright's cotton-spinning venture.

[br]

On 4 November 1766 David Thornley married Mary, daughter of Joseph Brown, roper, at St Peter's, Liverpool. In Gore's Dictionary for 1767 Thornley is described as "merchant" and his wife as "milliner" of Castle Street, Liverpool. David Thornley was distantly related to Richard Arkwright and certainly by 1768 Thornley had begun his active association with Arkwright when he joined him in Preston, an event recorded in the inquiry into the qualifications of those who had voted in the Burgoyne election. Thornley may have helped Arkwright with the technical development of his spinning machine.

On 14 May 1768, Arkwright, Smalley and Thornley became partners in the cotton-spinning venture at Nottingham for a term of fourteen years, or longer if a patent could be obtained. Each partner was to have three one-ninth shares and was to advance such money as might be necessary to apply for a patent as well as to develop the spinning machine. Profits were to be divided equally as often as convenient and the partners were to devote their whole time to the business after a period of two years. How-ever, it seems that in 1769 the partners had difficulty in raising the necessary money to finance the patent, and Thornley had to reduce his stake in the partnership to a one-ninth share. By this time Thornley must have moved to Nottingham, where Arkwright established his first mill. On 19 January 1770, additional finance was provided by two new partners, Samuel Need and Jedediah Strutt, and alterations were made to the mill buildings that the partners had leased to work the spinning machines by horse power. Arkwright and Thornley were to be responsible for the day-to-day management of the mill, receiving £25 per annum for these duties. Thornley appears to have remained at Nottingham to supervise the mill, while the other partners moved to Cromford to establish the much larger enterprise there. It was at Nottingham that David Thornley died in January 1772, and his share in the partnership was bought from his wife, Mary, by Arkwright. Mary returned to her millinery business in Liverpool.

[br]

Further Reading

Until copies of the original agreements between Arkwright's partners were presented to the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Thornley's existence was unknown. The only account of his life is given in R.S.Fitton, 1989, The Arkwrights, Spinners of Fortune, Manchester. The "Articles of Agreement", 19 June 1769, are printed in R.L. Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester. This book also includes part of Arkwright's agreement with his later partners which mentions Thornley's death and covers the technical aspects of the cotton-spinning invention.

RLH

Biographical history of technology > Thornley, David

См. также в других словарях:

there — 1 pronoun 1 there is/there are/there must be used to say that something exists: Is there life after death? | There s no special way of doing it you just have to mix the dough slowly. | There must be some explanation for such outlandish behaviour … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
There she is!! — Genre Romance, comedy Format Flash cartoon Created by SamBakZa Country of origin South Korea Language(s) … Wikipedia
There Will Be Blood — Theatrical release poster Directed by Paul Thomas Anderson Produced by … Wikipedia
There ain't no such thing as a free lunch — This article is about the saying. For the computing principle, see No free lunch in search and optimization. For the group, see No Free Lunch (organization). There ain t no such thing as a free lunch (alternatively, There s no such thing as a… … Wikipedia
There All the Honor Lies — Infobox Television episode Title = There All the Honor Lies Series = Babylon 5 Caption = Season = 2 Episode = 14 Airdate = 26 April 1995 Production = 215 Writer = Peter David Director = Mike Vejar Guests = Julie Caitlin Brown (Guinevere) Jeff… … Wikipedia
It seems — Seem Seem (s[=e]m), v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Seemed} (s[=e]md); p. pr. & vb. n. {Seeming}.] [OE. semen to seem, to become, befit, AS. s[=e]man to satisfy, pacify; akin to Icel. s[ae]ma to honor, to bear with, conform to, s[ae]mr becoming, fit,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
it seems — used for saying that something appears to exist or be true it seems to do something: It seems to rain all the time here. it seems (that): Standing there in the house, it seemed that he had never been away. it seems to someone (that): It seems to… … English dictionary
Nothing as It Seems — Single by Pearl Jam from the album Binaural B side … Wikipedia
Now and Then, Here and There — Promotional image for Now and Then, Here and There depicting Shu and Lala Ru 今、そこにいる僕 (Ima, Soko ni Iru Boku) … Wikipedia
Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word — Infobox Single Name = Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word Caption = Artist = Elton John from Album = Blue Moves B side = Shoulder Holster Released = November 1, 1976 Format = 7 Vinyl Recorded = Eastern Sound, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Genre = Piano … Wikipedia
'Til There Was You — For other uses, see Till There Was You. Til There Was You Directed by Scott Winant Produced by Penney Finkelman Cox Alan Poul … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

there seems ou appears to be

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

there seems ou appears to be

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: